ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืกืคืจื™ื”
  • ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช
  • ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ื™ื“ื™ื, ืกืขื•ื“ื” ื•ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
undefined
6 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื” โ€ข 20 ื“ืง' ืฆืคื™ื”
ื– - ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ืชื•ืช ื•ื—ื’ื™ื
ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืงื“ื•ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืžืงืจื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืžื•ืกืฃ, ืชืงื ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืืช ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื™ื•ื, ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ืื›ื™ืœื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืืœื• ื›ืื›ื™ืœื” ืฉืœ ื™ืžื™ ื—ื•ืœ, ืืœื ื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ืชื•ืกืคืช ืžืฆื•ื•ื” ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉื”, ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืชืช ืœื›ืš ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ื”. ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืื•ืžืจื™ื: 'ืจืฆื” ื•ื”ื—ืœื™ืฆื ื•'; ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘, ื—ื•ืœื• ืฉืœ ืžื•ืขื“ ื•ืจืืฉ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื: 'ื™ืขืœื” ื•ื™ื‘ื•ื'. ื•ืชืงื ื• ืœื•ืžืจ ืืช ื”ื”ื•ืกืคื” ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช 'ื‘ื•ื ื” ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื' ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ื‘ืงืฉืช ืจื—ืžื™ื, ื•ืืฃ ื”ืื–ื›ืจื” ืฉืชืงื ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ื‘ืงืฉืช ืจื—ืžื™ื. ื‘'ืจืฆื” ื•ื”ื—ืœื™ืฆื ื•' ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืฉื ื–ื›ื” ืœืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช, ืœืฉื‘ื•ืช ื•ืœื ื•ื— ื‘ื•, ื•ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ื ื—ืžืช ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื. ื•ื‘'ื™ืขืœื” ื•ื™ื‘ื•ื' ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืฉื™ื–ื›ืจื ื• ื”' ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื•ื™ืจื—ื ืขืœื™ื ื• ื•ื™ื•ืฉื™ืขื ื• (ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืžื˜, ื, ืฉื‘ืช ื›ื“, ื, ืชื•ืก' ืฉื).
ื•ื›ืฉื—ืœ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืื• ืจืืฉ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช, ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืชื—ื™ืœื” 'ืจืฆื” ื•ื”ื—ืœื™ืฆื ื•' ื›ื™ ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืชื“ื™ืจื” ื•ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ืื—"ื› ืื•ืžืจื™ื 'ื™ืขืœื” ื•ื™ื‘ื•ื' (ืฉื•"ืข ืงืคื—, ื”, ืž"ื‘ ื™ื’).
ื‘ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื•ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉืชืงื ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื ืขืœ ื”ื ืก, ืžื•ืกื™ืคื™ื ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืืจืฅ, ืฉื”ื™ื ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื•ื“ืื”, ื ื•ืกื— 'ืขืœ ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื'.
ืžื™ ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื‘ืช ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืงื™ืขืช ื”ื—ืžื” ื•ืกื™ื™ืžื” ืœืื—ืจ ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื, ืื•ืžืจ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ 'ืจืฆื” ื•ื”ื—ืœื™ืฆื ื•'. ืฉื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืื›ื™ืœืชื• ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ืฉื‘ืช, ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื” 'ืจืฆื” ื•ื”ื—ืœื™ืฆื ื•'. ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉืืจ ื™ืžื™ื, ืฉืื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืกื™ื™ื ืืช ืกืขื•ื“ืชื• ืื—ืจ ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื, ืขืœื™ื• ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื•ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ืžื” ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื”. ื•ื›ืŸ ืœื”ื™ืคืš, ืื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืืช ืกืขื•ื“ืชื• ื‘ื™ื•ื ืจื’ื™ืœ ื•ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ืชื• ืื—ืจ ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืจืืฉ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ, ืœืžืฉืœ, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืื—ืจ ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื, ืขืœื™ื• ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ 'ื™ืขืœื” ื•ื™ื‘ื•ื'. 1
ื•ืื ื—ืœ ืจืืฉ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืื™ ืฉื‘ืช, ื•ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืื—ืจ ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื, ื™ืฉื ื• ืกืคืง ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžื” ื™ืืžืจ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ื”ืื ื™ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืจืง ืืช ืจืืฉ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ (ืž"ื, ืž"ื‘ ืงืคื—, ืœื’), ืื• ืจืง ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช (ื‘ื"ื—, ื™ื—ื•"ื“ ื’, ื ื”), ืื• ืฉื™ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ืฉื ื™ื”ื (ื˜"ื–, ืฉื•ืขื”"ืจ), ืื• ืฉืœื ื™ื–ื›ื™ืจ ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื”ื (ื™ืฉื›ื™ืœ ืขื‘ื“ื™ ื–, ื›ื–). ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฆืืช ืžื”ืกืคืง, ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉื‘ืช ืžืื›ื™ืœืช ืคืช ืื—ืจ ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื, ื•ื›ืš ื™ืืžืจ 'ืจืฆื” ื•ื”ื—ืœื™ืฆื ื•' ื‘ืœื‘ื“.

ื— - ืฉื›ื— ืœื•ืžืจ 'ืจืฆื”' ืื• 'ื™ืขืœื” ื•ื™ื‘ื•ื'
ื”ืฉื•ื›ื— ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ 'ืจืฆื”' ืื• 'ื™ืขืœื” ื•ื™ื‘ื•ื', ื“ื™ื ื• ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื”, ืฉืื ื–ื• ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื‘ื” ืœื—ื, ืžืžื™ืœื ื ืžืฆื ืฉื”ื™ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื‘ืจืš ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื•ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื™ื•ื, ื•ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืฉื›ื—, ืขืœื™ื• ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื•ืœื‘ืจืš ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ. ื•ืื ื–ื• ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื‘ื” ืœื—ื, ืื™ื ื• ื—ื•ื–ืจ. ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ืื ืฉื›ื— ืœื•ืžืจ 'ืจืฆื”' ื‘ืฉืชื™ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื‘ืช, ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ื”ื™ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืŸ ืœื—ื, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืœื‘ืจืš ืืช ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ. ืื‘ืœ ืื ืฉื›ื— ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ 'ืจืฆื”' ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช, ืฉื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืงื™ื™ืžื” ื‘ืœื ืœื—ื, ืื• ืฉืฉื›ื— ืœื•ืžืจ 'ื™ืขืœื” ื•ื™ื‘ื•ื' ื‘ืจืืฉ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“, ืฉืื™ืŸ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื ืœื—ื, ืื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื•ืœื‘ืจืš ืืช ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ (ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืžื˜, ื‘, ืฉื•"ืข ืงืคื— ื•-ื—, ืคื ื™ื ื™ ื”ืœื›ื” ืฉื‘ืช ื•, ื‘, ื–ืžื ื™ื ื, ื™ื).
ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘, ื”ื›ืœ ืžืกื›ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืื ืฉื›ื— ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ 'ื™ืขืœื” ื•ื™ื‘ื•ื' ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ืช ืœื™ืœ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืคืกื— ื•ืœื™ืœ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืกื•ื›ื•ืช, ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ, ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ืœื›ืœ ื”ื“ืขื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื ืžืฆื” ืื• ืœื—ื. ืื•ืœื ื ื—ืœืงื• ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืฉืืจ ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ื™ืžื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื, ืฉื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืกื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื ืœื—ื. ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืœืžื ื”ื’ ื›ืœ ื”ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™ื ื•ืžืงืฆืช ืกืคืจื“ื™ื, ืื ืœื ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ 'ื™ืขืœื” ื•ื™ื‘ื•ื' ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื—ื•ื–ืจ, ื•ืœืžื ื”ื’ ืจื•ื‘ ืกืคืจื“ื™ื, ืื™ื ื• ื—ื•ื–ืจ. 2
ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ, ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ืจืง ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช 'ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ืžื˜ื™ื‘', ืขืœื™ื• ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืชื—ื™ืœืช ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืื•ืžืจื” ื›ื”ืœื›ื”. ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืกืชืคืง ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืชื—ื™ืœืช ื‘ืจื›ืช 'ืจื—ื', ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช 'ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ืžื˜ื™ื‘' ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ืžื™ ืฉืกื™ื™ื ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืืช ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืžื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ืื ืœื ื™ืฆื ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ืชืŸ ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืฉื›ื— ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืชื—ื™ืœืชืŸ (ืฉื•"ืข ืงืคื—, ื•, ื‘ืื•"ื” 'ืœืจืืฉ').
ื•ืื ื ื–ื›ืจ ืฉืฉื›ื— ืœื•ืžืจ 'ืจืฆื”' ืื• 'ื™ืขืœื” ื•ื™ื‘ื•ื' ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช 'ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ืžื˜ื™ื‘', ืชืงื ื• ืœื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื ื•ืกื— ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืฉืœืžื” ืฉื™ืืžืจ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื™ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื‘ืจื›ืช 'ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ืžื˜ื™ื‘'. ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืฉื”ืฉื•ื›ื— ืื™ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืขืœ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ืชืงื ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืœื•ืžืจ ืืช ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื”ืฉืœืžื”. ื•ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข ืืช ื ื•ืกื— ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื”ืฉืœืžื”, ืื™ื ื• ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ืืžื™ืจืช 'ืจืฆื”' ืื• 'ื™ืขืœื” ื•ื™ื‘ื•ื' ืœืคื ื™ ื‘ืจื›ืช 'ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ืžื˜ื™ื‘', ื•ื›ืฉื”ืื–ื›ืจื” ืžืขื›ื‘ืช ื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืจืืฉ (ื˜"ื– ืž"ื‘ ื™ื–, ื•ืข' ื‘ื‘ืื•"ื”). 3
ื›ืืฉืจ ืฉื›ื— ืœื•ืžืจ 'ืจืฆื”' ืื• 'ื™ืขืœื” ื•ื™ื‘ื•ื' ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ 'ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ืžื˜ื™ื‘', ื•ืžืฆื“ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืขืœ ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ื›ืชื‘ื• ื›ืžื” ืคื•ืกืงื™ื, ืฉืžื•ื˜ื‘ ืฉื™ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ืžื” ืฉืฉื›ื— ื‘ืชื•ืš ืืžื™ืจืช 'ื”ืจื—ืžืŸ'. ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื™ ืฉืฉื›ื— ืœื•ืžืจ 'ืขืœ ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื', ืฉืื™ืŸ ืืžื™ืจืชื• ืžืขื›ื‘ืช, ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืืžืจื• ื‘ืชื•ืš ืืžื™ืจืช "ื”ืจื—ืžืŸ", ืฉืฉื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืื“ื ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื”ื•ื“ืื•ืช ื›ืจืฆื•ื ื• (ืจืž"ื ืชืจืคื‘, ื, ืž"ื‘ ื“, ืคื ื™ื ื™ ื”ืœื›ื” ื–ืžื ื™ื ื™ื, 7).


^ 1. ืœืจื"ืฉ ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืคื™ ืฉืขืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืฉืื ืœืžืฉืœ, ื‘ื™ืจืš ืื—ืจ ืฆืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ืกื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช, ืœื ื™ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืœื”ื’ื”"ืž ื‘ืฉื ืžื”ืจ"ื, ืžื”ืจื™"ืœ ื•ืื•ืจื—ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื, ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืื—ืจ ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืื›ื™ืœื”, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืฉืงื™ืขื”, ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ืฉื‘ืช. ื•ื›"ื› ืฉื•"ืข ืงืคื—, ื™, ื•ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื. ื•ืžืฉืžืข ืžื–ื” ืฉื’ื ืื ืกื™ื™ื ืื›ื™ืœืชื• ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ืชื•ืกืคืช, ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืกืคืช, ื•ื›"ื› ื‘ืž"ื‘ ืงืคื—, ืœื’, ื•ื›"ื› ื‘ืฉื•"ืข ืจืขื, ื•, ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืช. ืืžื ื ื™ืฉ ื—ื•ืœืงื™ื ื•ืœื“ืขืชื ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืื—ืจ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืื›ื™ืœื”, ืข' ืคืก"ืช ื›ื’. ื•ืื ื”ืชืคืœืœ ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ืœืคื ื™ ื‘ืจื”ืž"ื–, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉ, ืื™ื ื• ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืกืคืช ื”ืฉื™ื™ื›ืช ืœื–ืžืŸ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืกืขื•ื“ืชื• (ืžื”ืจื™"ืœ ืž"ื‘ ืงืคื—, ืœื‘).
^ 2. ืœื“ืขืช ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืคืช ื‘ืฉืชื™ ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช, ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ืื ืฉื›ื— ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ 'ื™ืขืœื” ื•ื™ื‘ื•ื' ื—ื•ื–ืจ. ื•ื›ืš ื“ืขืช ืจืžื‘"ื, ืจื"ืฉ, ืจื™ื˜ื‘"ื, ืžืจื“ื›ื™, ืจ"ืŸ, ื•ืขื•ื“ ืจื‘ื™ื, ื•ื›"ื› ื‘ืฉื•"ืข ืงืคื—, ื•, ื•ื›"ื› ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื. ืื•ืœื ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืจืฉื‘"ื ื•ืชื•ืก' ืกื•ื›ื” ื›ื–, ื, ืจืง ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ืœื™ืœ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืคืกื— ื•ืกื•ื›ื•ืช ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืคืช, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืจืง ื‘ื”ื ื—ื•ื–ืจ. ื•ื›ืชื‘ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื’ื“ื•ืœื™ ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ ื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ื, ืฉืืฃ ื›ื™ ืœืฉื•"ืข ื•ืฉื›ื ื”"ื’ ื—ื•ื–ืจ, ืž"ืž ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ื–ื” ืกืคืง ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื‘ืจื›ื•ืช, ื•ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ื–ื›ืจืช ื”ื—ื’ ื”ื•ื ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ, ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืื™ื ื• ื—ื•ื–ืจ (ื‘ื"ื— ื—ืงืช ื›ื, ื›ื”"ื— ื›ื“, ื™ื—ื•"ื“ ื”, ืœื•). ืืžื ื ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉืืฉ (ืฉืžืฉ ื•ืžื’ืŸ ื, ื™ื’) ืกื•ื‘ืจ ื›ืฉื•"ืข, ื•ื›ืชื‘ ืฉื›ืš ืžื ื”ื’ ืžืจื•ืงื•.
ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื ืฉื™ื, ื’ื ืœืžื ื”ื’ ืืฉื›ื ื– ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืœื ื™ื—ื–ืจื• (ื—ื•ืฅ ืžื‘ืกืขื•ื“ืช ืœื™ืœ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืคืกื— ื•ืกื•ื›ื•ืช), ืžืชื•ืš ื—ืฉืฉ ืœื“ืขืช ืจืข"ื ืฉืกื•ื‘ืจ ืฉื ืฉื™ื ืื™ื ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืฉืžื—ื” ื•ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื” ื‘ื™ื•"ื˜ (ืข' ืคืก"ืช ืงืคื—, ื•, ื•ืœืขื™ืœ ื”ืขืจื” 5). ื•ื”ื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืŸ ืขืœ ืžื” ืœืกืžื•ืš.
ื ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ ืžื™ ืฉื”ืกืชืคืง ืื ืืžืจ 'ืจืฆื”' ืื• 'ื™ืขืœื” ื•ื™ื‘ื•ื' ื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉื”ืฉื•ื›ื— ื‘ื”ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ. ื‘ื™ื‘ื™"ื ื–, ื›ื—, ื›ืชื‘ ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืคื•ืกืงื™ื ืฉืžืกืคืง ืื™ื ื• ื—ื•ื–ืจ, ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ืขืฆื ื”ื–ื›ืจืช ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื™ื ืžื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ, ื•ืกืคืง ื“ืจื‘ื ืŸ ื•ืกืคืง ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ืœื”ืงืœ, ื•ืขื•ื“, ืฉืื•ืœื™ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื”ื™ื•ื ื’ืจืžื” ืœื• ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ. ื•ื”ืž"ื‘ ืงืคื—, ื˜ื–, ื”ื›ืจื™ืข ืฉื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ, ืฉื›ืŸ ืžืŸ ื”ืกืชื ืืžืจ ื›ืฉื’ืจืช ืœืฉื•ื ื• ื‘ืœื ื”ื”ื–ื›ืจื”. ื•ื›"ื› ื‘ื‘ืจื›"ื” ื—"ื‘ ื”, ื™ื—. ื•ื ืจืื” ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืœื• ืฉืฉื›ื— - ื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ.
^ 3. ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ืื•ืžืจ: "ื‘ืจื•ืš ืืชื” ื”' ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ื• ืžืœืš ื”ืขื•ืœื, ืฉื ืชืŸ ืฉื‘ืชื•ืช ืœืžื ื•ื—ื” ืœืขืžื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืื”ื‘ื” ืœืื•ืช ื•ืœื‘ืจื™ืช, ื‘ืจื•ืš ืืชื” ื”' ืžืงื“ืฉ ื”ืฉื‘ืช".
ื‘ืจืืฉ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื•ืžืจ ืœืžื ื”ื’ ืกืคืจื“ื™ื: "ื‘ืจื•ืš ืฉื ืชืŸ ืจืืฉื™ ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืขืžื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ", ื•ืœืžื ื”ื’ ืืฉื›ื ื–ื™ื: "ื‘ืจื•ืš ืืชื” ื”' ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ื• ืžืœืš ื”ืขื•ืœื, ืืฉืจ ื ืชืŸ ืจืืฉื™ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืขืžื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ" (ืฉื•"ืข ืงืคื—, ื–, ืž"ื‘ ื›ื”, ื•ื‘ืื•"ื” ืฉื). ืื ื—ืœ ืจ"ื— ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืฉื›ื— ืฉื ื™ื”ื, ื›ื•ืœืœ ืจ"ื— ืขื ืฉื‘ืช, ื•ืื•ืžืจ: "ื‘ืจื•ืš ืืชื” ื”' ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ื• ืžืœืš ื”ืขื•ืœื, ืฉื ืชืŸ ืฉื‘ืชื•ืช ืœืžื ื•ื—ื” ืœืขืžื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืื”ื‘ื” ืœืื•ืช ื•ืœื‘ืจื™ืช ื•ืจืืฉื™ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืœื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ, ื‘ืจื•ืš ืืชื” ื”' ืžืงื“ืฉ ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื•ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืจืืฉื™ ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื" (ืฉื•"ืข ืงืคื—, ื–, ืž"ื‘ ืœ, ื›ื”"ื— ืœื—).
ื‘ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืื•ืžืจ: ื‘ืจื•ืš ืืชื” ื”' ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ื• ืžืœืš ื”ืขื•ืœื, ืืฉืจ ื ืชืŸ ื™ืžื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืฉืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืœืฉืžื—ื” ืืช ื™ื•ื ื—ื’ (ืคืกื—/ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช/ืกื•ื›ื•ืช) ื”ื–ื”, ื‘ืจื•ืš ืืชื” ื”' ืžืงื“ืฉ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื". ื‘ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“, ื‘ืžืงื•ื "ืืฉืจ ื ืชืŸ ื™ืžื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื" ืื•ืžืจ: "ืืฉืจ ื ืชืŸ ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื". ื•ืœืžื ื”ื’ ืกืคืจื“ื™ื, ื‘ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“ ื›ืžื• ื‘ืจ"ื— ืื™ื ื• ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื ื•ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื•ืื™ื ื• ื—ื•ืชื.
ื•ืื ื—ืœ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืฉื›ื— ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื ื™ื”ื, ืื•ืžืจ: "ื‘ืจื•ืš... ืฉื ืชืŸ ืฉื‘ืชื•ืช ืœืžื ื•ื—ื” ืœืขืžื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืื”ื‘ื” ืœืื•ืช ื•ืœื‘ืจื™ืช ื•ื™ืžื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืœืฉืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืœืฉืžื—ื” ืืช ื™ื•ื ื—ื’ (ืคืกื—/ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช/ ืกื•ื›ื•ืช) ื”ื–ื”, ื‘ืจื•ืš ืืชื” ื”' ืžืงื“ืฉ ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื•ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื".
ื ื–ื›ืจ ืฉืฉื›ื— ืœื•ืžืจ 'ืจืฆื”' ืื• 'ื™ืขืœื” ื•ื™ื‘ื•ื' ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืืžืจ ืฉื ื”' ื‘ืกื™ื•ื 'ื‘ื•ื ื” ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื', ื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ ื•ื™ืฉืœื™ื ืืช ืžื” ืฉื”ื—ืกื™ืจ. ื•ืื ืืžืจ ืฉื ื”', ืœื“ืขืช ืจื‘ื™ื ื™ืกื™ื™ื "ืœืžื“ื ื™ ื—ื•ืงื™ืš", ืฉืื ืœื ื›ืŸ ื™ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืืช ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื”ืฉืœืžื”. ื•ืื ื›ื‘ืจ ืืžืจ 'ื‘ื•ื ื”', ื™ืกื™ื™ื ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื•ื™ืืžืจ ืืช ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื”ืฉืœืžื”. ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ 'ื‘ืจื•ืš' ืฉืœ 'ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ืžื˜ื™ื‘', ืœืจื•ื”"ืค ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืคืกื™ื“ ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื•ืžืจ ืืช ื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื”ืฉืœืžื” (ืž"ื‘ ืงืคื—, ื›ื’, ืฉืขื”"ืฆ ื™ื—, ื‘ืื•"ื” 'ืขื“'). ื•ื™"ื ืฉืื ื”ื•ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืื ืœื ื›ืŸ ื™ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœื‘ืจืš ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืจื”ืž"ื–, ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืžืจ ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉื‘ืคืชื™ื—ืช ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ืฉื”ื ื–ื”ื•ืช ืœื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื”ืฉืœืžื”, ื™ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื‘ืจื›ืช ื”ื”ืฉืœืžื” (ื—"ื, ื™ื‘ื™"ื ื•, ื›ื—).
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il