ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ื”ืœื›ื” ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื•ืžื•ืกืจ
  • ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”', ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื•ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”
  • ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
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5 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืขืจืš ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื•ื“ืจืš ืžืขืฉื”
ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืžื“ืจื™ื›ื™ื ืื•ืชื ื• ื‘ืฉืชื™ ื”ื“ืจื›ื•ืช: "ืืœ ืชื”ื™ ืฆื“ื™ืง ื”ืจื‘ื”", "ืืœ ืชืจืฉืข ื”ืจื‘ื”" 1 . ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง ืขื•ืžื“ ืขืœ ื”ืฉืืœื”, ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ืื™ื ื” ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื”? ืžื“ื•ืข ืืฆืœ ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ื ืืžืจ "ืืœ ืชื”ื™ ืฆื“ื™ืง ื”ืจื‘ื”" ื•ืœื "ืืœ ืชืฆื“ืง ื”ืจื‘ื”", ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืœืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื ืืžืจื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืจืฉืข "ืืœ ืชืจืฉืข ื”ืจื‘ื”"?
ืžื‘ืืจ ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง, ืฉื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ ื™ืฉ ืขืจืš ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ืฉืื™ืคื” ืืœื™ื•, ื•ื™ืฉ ืขืจืš ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืชื• ืืœ ื”ืคื•ืขืœ. ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืฉืื™ืคื”, ื”ืื“ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉืื•ืฃ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฆื“ื™ืง ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืขืจื›ื• ื•ืœืฉืื•ืฃ ืœื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื "ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืื“ื ืœื•ืžืจ ืื™ืžืชื™ ื™ื’ื™ืขื• ืžืขืฉื™ ื›ืžืขืฉื” ืื‘ืจื”ื ื™ืฆื—ืง ื•ื™ืขืงื‘" 2 . ืœืขืฆื ื”ืฉืื™ืคื” ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื, ืขื•ื“ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ, ื™ืฉ ืขืจืš ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืื•ื“ (ืจืื” ืขืœ ื›ืš ื‘ืžืงื•ืจ ืžืกืคืจ 1, ืฉื™ื•ื‘ื ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ). ืื•ืœื, ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื• ื ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืจืง ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืฉืื™ืคื•ืช. ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืฆืจื™ืš ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื• ื•ืขืจื›ื•, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื "ืืœ ืชื”ื™ ืฆื“ื™ืง ื”ืจื‘ื”". ื‘ืจืžืช ื”'ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ' ืืœ ืœื• ืœืื“ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฆื“ื™ืง ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืขืจื›ื•. ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืื“ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ, ื•ืœื ืœืฉืื•ืฃ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืจื’ืข ื–ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ. ื”ืฉืื™ืคื” ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžืžื” ืฉื”ืื“ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืืš ืฆืจื™ืš ืื“ื ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืฆื ื”ืฉืื™ืคื” ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืœื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ืฉืœื” ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ, ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœืคื™ ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื•ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช.
ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื›ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื”? ื›ืŸ ืžืฉื‘ืจื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืืฆืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ื ื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืžื”ืคืขืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ืฉืœื•. ื”ืžืฆื‘ ืฉื”ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ืกืคื™ืง ืžืฉื”ื• ื•ืœื ืžืกืคื™ืงื™ื ืžืื›ื–ื‘ ืื•ืชื ืžืื•ื“, ื•ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ื”ื ืืฃ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ ืฉืื™ืคื•ืช ืจืขื•ืช, ื›ื™ ื”ืื›ื–ื‘ื” ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœืชืกื›ื•ืœ ืฉืžื•ื ืข ื›ืœ ืขืฉื™ื” ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืช. ื”ืื“ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื“ืขืช ืฉืืžื ื ืขืฆื ื”ืฉืื™ืคื” ื”ื™ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืื•ื“, ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืื•ื“ ืœืฉืื•ืฃ ืœื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช, ื•ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื–ืืช ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ืชืงื“ื ื”ื™ื ืฆืขื“ ืื—ืจื™ ืฆืขื“, ื›ืœ ืื“ื ืœืคื™ ืžืงื•ืžื• ื•ืฉืขืชื•, ื•ืžื›ืœ ืฆืขื“ ืฉื”ืื“ื ืขื•ืฉื” ื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉืžื•ื— ืžืื•ื“.
ื ืžืฆื ืฉื‘ืฉืื™ืคื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช - ื”ืื“ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉืื•ืฃ ืœื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ืœื ืœืคื—ื“, ืœื”ืฆื™ื‘ ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืžืื•ื“ ื’ื‘ื•ื”, ื•ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื–ืืช ืœืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ืฉื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืœื ื™ืคื’ืข ื‘ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืื ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืžืชืžืžืฉ ื‘ืฉืœืžื•ืช. ื”ื™ืฉื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืืจื•ืš, ืœืื˜ ืœืื˜, ืขื ืขืœื™ื” ืžืžื“ืจื’ื” ืœืžื“ืจื’ื”, ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฉืœื• ื•ื›ืœ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ืฉืœื•, ื•ื‘ืกืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืชืงืจื‘ื™ื ืœืžื’ืžื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื”.
ื”ืกื‘ืจื ื• ืžื“ื•ืข ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืฆื“ื™ืงื•ึผืช ื ืืžืจ "ืืœ ืชื”ื™ ืฆื“ื™ืง ื”ืจื‘ื”", ื•ืœื "ืืœ ืชืจืฉืข ื”ืจื‘ื”". ืžื“ื•ืข ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืจืฉืขื” ื ืืžืจ "ืืœ ืชืจืฉืข ื”ืจื‘ื”", ื•ืœื "ืืœ ืชื”ื™ ืจืฉืข ื”ืจื‘ื”"? ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ 'ืืœ ืชืจืฉืข ื”ืจื‘ื”' ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ืฉืื™ืคื”, ื•ื–ืืช ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืจืฉืขื” - ืœื ืจืง ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ืžืขืฉื” ืœื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืจืขื™ื, ืืœื ื’ื ืขืฆื ื”ืฉืื™ืคื” ืืœื™ื”ื ืื™ื ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื”. ื›ืืŸ ืžืชืขื•ืจืจืช ืžื™ื“ ื”ืฉืืœื”, ื•ื›ื™ ืœืงืฆืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืจืขื™ื ื›ืŸ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฉืื•ืฃ? ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืื›ืŸ ืื ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ืืช ื”ื™ืฆืจ ื•ื”ืชืื•ื•ื” ื‘ืžื™ื ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืจื™ ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ื™ื. ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ืจืง ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืชืื•ื•ื” ืžืชืคืฉื˜ืช ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœื™ืœื™ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžื™ื ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืชืื•ื•ื” ื”ื™ื ืงื™ื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื, ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉืื•ืžืจืช ื”ื’ืžืจื ืฉืื ืฉื™ ื›ื ืกืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืจืฆื• ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืืช ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืขืจื™ื•ืช, ื•ืื– ื”ืคืกื™ืงื• ื”ืชืจื ื’ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ื 3 . ืœื›ืŸ ืืžืจื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื "ืืœ ืชืจืฉืข ื”ืจื‘ื”", ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœื•.
ืžื” ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื›ืฉืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืชืงืŸ?
ื‘ืกืคืจื• "ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”" ืžื“ืจื™ืš ืื•ืชื ื• ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ืžืขืฉื™ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื ื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ื”ื ื•ื‘ืขืช ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื• (ืจืื” ืขืœ ื›ืš ื‘ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช 2-3, ืฉื™ื•ื‘ืื• ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ).
ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืื“ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืชืงืŸ ืžืฉื”ื•, ืืš ื”ื•ื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื›ื— ืœื›ืš. ื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืงื•ืœืงืœื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืชืงืŸ, ืœืžืฉืœ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืื“ื ืœื—ื‘ื™ืจื•, ืื• ื‘ืขื ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช, ืฉื›ืขืช ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืืช ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื•ื‘ืœื™ ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ืื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื›ื— ืœืชืงื ื. ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืชื—ื–ืง ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”', ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื‘ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื˜ื•ื‘, ืื•ืœื ื™ืฉ ืชื—ื•ื ืžืกื•ื™ื ืฉื‘ื• ื™ืฆืจื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืชื’ื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ื•, ื”ื•ื ืžื ืกื” ื•ื ื›ืฉืœ, ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžืฆืœื™ื— ืœื›ื‘ื•ืฉ ืื•ืชื•. ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื›ื–ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืื“ื ื™ืื•ืฉ ื•ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” 'ืื ืื™ื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืชืงืŸ ื”ื›ืœ, ืžื” ืฉื•ื•ื” ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ื›ืŸ ืขื•ืฉื”?'
ืžืœืžื“ ืื•ืชื ื• ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ืขืฆืช ื”ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข, ื•ืืกื•ืจ ืœืื“ื ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืืฉ ืžื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืชืงืŸ ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ื‘ืช ืื—ืช. ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืžืชืขื•ืจืจ ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื ืœืชืงืŸ ื•ืื•ืชื• ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืชืงืŸ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• - ื™ืชืงืŸ, ื•ืื ื”ื•ื ื™ืขืฉื” ื–ืืช ืื– ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืชืงืŸ ื’ื ืžื” ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืชืงืŸ ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื–ื”. ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืื•ื“ ืฉื”ืื“ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืชืงืŸ ื”ื›ืœ, ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืื•ื“ ืฉื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ื”ื•ื ื™ืชืงืŸ ืืช ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ, ื“ื‘ืจ ืงื˜ืŸ ื•ืขื•ื“ ื“ื‘ืจ ืงื˜ืŸ, ื•ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืžื” ืฉื™ืชืŸ ืœื• ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืœืชืงืŸ ื’ื ืืช ืžื” ืฉืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื•.
ื›ืš ืื“ื ืžืชืงื“ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”. ืœื ื‘ื‘ืช ืื—ืช, ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ืžื”ืคื›ื” ื›ื–ื• ืฉืชื‘ื™ื ืœื›ืš ืฉืžื”ื™ื•ื ื•ื”ืœืื” ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืœื• ืฉื•ื ื›ืฉืœื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื ืคื™ืœื•ืช, ื›ื™ ืœืฉื ื›ืš ืฆืจื™ืš ืกื™ืขืชื ื“ืฉืžื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช. ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ืจื’ื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื ืืœื ืœืœื›ืช ืฉืœื‘ ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืœื‘, ื•ื‘ื“ืจืš ื–ื• ื™ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืื“ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืืœ ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื, ืœืื˜ ืœืื˜ ื”ื•ื ื™ืžืฆื ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ ื’ื ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื ืžืื•ื“ ืงืฉื™ื ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ.
ืื ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ืืžื•ื ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ืœื”ืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ืœื‘ ืฉืœื ืฉืื“ื ืฉืฉื‘ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื ืžื—ืœื™ื ืœื• ืขื•ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื•, ื•ืื ื”ื•ื ืฉื‘ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืžืื”ื‘ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืื– ื”ื–ื“ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืขืฉื” ื ื”ืคื›ื™ื ืœื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช. ืงืฉื” ืœื”ืืžื™ืŸ ืœื›ืš, ื•ื›ื™ ืื ืื“ื ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืกืœื™ื—ื” ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืขืฉื” ืžืชื•ืงื ืช? ืื‘ืœ ืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ืื•ืžืจ ืœื ื• "ืงื—ื• ืขืžื›ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ืฉื•ื‘ื• ืขืœ ื”'" 4 , ื’ื ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžื—ืฉื™ื‘ ื›ื ื“ื‘ื”, ื›ืื™ืœื• ืื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืคืขื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชื ื“ื‘ื•ืช ืžืจืฆื•ื ื ื• ื”ื˜ื•ื‘, ื•ื”ื•ื ื—ืคืฅ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื ื•.
ื”ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืื ื• ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืชืงื•ืคื” ืžืกื•ื‘ื›ืช ืžืื•ื“, ื•ื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื ื•ืช, ืฉื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืชืงืŸ ื‘ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื•ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช. ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ื–ื” ื•ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ื–ื• ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืฉืžืชืงื“ื ื•ืžืชืงืŸ ื”ืจื™ื”ื• ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ืขื•ื“ ืื•ืจ, ื•ืžื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื•ื”ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ. ืื ื• ืžืชืคืœืœื™ื ืœืจื™ื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ืฉื‘ืžื”ืจื” ื ื–ื›ื” ืœืจืื•ืช ื“ืจืš ื‘ื”ื™ืจื”, ื•ื ื–ื›ื” ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื‘ืžื”ืจื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ืืžืŸ.
ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืžื”ืกืคืจ "ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”"
1. ืคืจืง ื˜, ืกืขื™ืฃ ื:
ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ืฉืจื•ื™ื” ื‘ืœื‘ ืชืžื™ื“, ืžื•ื•ื“ืืช ืœืื“ื ืืช ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื™ื, ื•ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ืฉื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ื”ื›ืœ, ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืขื•ืœื ืื™ื ื ืืœื ืžื™ืœื•ืื™ื•, ื ืขืฉื” ืชื•ื›ืŸ ืžื•ื˜ื‘ืข ื‘ื ืคืฉื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื•ืจ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ื•... ื•ื”ื•ื ื‘ื ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื”ื’ืžื•ืจื” ืฉืื™ื ื” ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื›ื™ ืื ื‘ืื“ื ืขืฆืžื•, ื•ืœื ื‘ืฉื•ื ืชื ืื™ ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™, ื•ื”ื•ื ืจืง ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘... ื•ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ื”ืื•ืฉืจ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžื›ืœ ืื•ืฆืจื•ืช ื•ืกื’ื•ืœื•ืช, ื•ืจืง ื”ื™ื ืžืืฉืจืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื• ื•ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช. ื›ื™ ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘, ื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื‘ื ืฉืžื” ืชื“ื™ืจ, ืžื”ืคืš ื”ื•ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื”, ื•ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืขื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื™ื˜ ืื– ืขืœ ื™ื“ื” ื‘ืืžื™ืชืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช, ืคื•ืขืœ ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ืืจื—ื•ืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืš ืฉื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉื™ืฆืื• ืžื›ืœืœ ืงืœืงื•ืœื, ื•ื”ื›ืœ ืคื•ืจื— ื•ื—ื™ ื‘ืื•ืฉืจ.
2. ืคืจืง ื™ื’, ืคืกืงื” ื˜
ืืœ ื™ื‘ื”ืœ ืื“ื ืžืคื ื™ ื”ืžื ื™ืขื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืขืœ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”. ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืงืฉื” ืœื•, ืžืคื ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืื“ื ืœื—ื‘ื™ืจื•, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื“ืข ื‘ื“ืขืชื• ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื•ืฆื ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ืชื•, ื•ืžืชื•ืš ืื™ื–ื” ืจืคื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ื”ืขื ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ื ื• ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื•, ืืœ ื™ื ื™ื— ื‘ืœื‘ื‘ื• ืฉื•ื ื—ืœื™ืฉื•ืช ื“ืขืช ื”ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœื”ืงื˜ื™ืŸ ื™ืงืจืช ืขืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”. ื•ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ืฉืžืชื•ืš ื”ื”ืฉืœืžื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืžื ื™ืขื•ืช ื™ื–ื›ื”ื• ื”ืฉื™"ืช ืœืชืงืŸ ื‘ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื’ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ืžื ื™ืขื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื• ืœื ืฆื—ืŸ.
3. ืคืจืง ื™ื“, ืคืกืงื” ื“:
ืžื” ืฉืžื•ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ืžื ื™ืขื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืื“ื ืœืžืงื•ื, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืื“ื ืœื—ื‘ื™ืจื•, ืœื ื™ืขื›ื‘ ื›ืœืœ ืืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช. ื•ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืœืฉื•ื‘ ืืœ ื“' ืฉื‘ื™ื, ื•ื”ืื“ื ืžืชื—ื“ืฉ ื›ื‘ืจื™ื” ื—ื“ืฉื”. ื•ื”ืฆื™ืฆื™ื ื”ืžืขืฉื™ื™ื, ืฉืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื–ื™ืจื•ื– ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืœืชืงื ื, ื™ืฆืคื” ืขืœื™ื”ื ืชืžื™ื“ ืœืชืงื ื, ื•ื™ืกื’ืœ ืœืขืฆืžื• ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืฉืคืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœื ืชืงืŸ ืื™ื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ, ืžืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืœืชืงืŸ ื‘ื“ืจืš ืžืขืฉื™, ื•ื™ืฉืชื•ืงืง ืœืชืงื•ืŸ ืฉืœื. ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ื™ื‘ื•ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื™ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืฉื™ืขื–ืจื”ื• ื”ืฉื™"ืช ืœืชืงืŸ ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ. ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ื›ืฉืœื ื ื–ื“ืžืŸ ืœื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฆื“ ืžื ื™ืขื•ืช ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืื• ืžืฆื“ ืžื ื™ืขื•ืช ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช, ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืจืฆื•ื ื• ืชืงื™ืฃ ื›ืœ ื›ืš, ื•ื”ื”ืกื›ืžื” ืœื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ืชื™ืงื•ื ื™ื ื”ืžืขืฉื™ื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื‘ืื” ืœื• ื‘ื”ืฉืœืžื”, ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื™ืื—ื– ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืขื– ื•ืื•ืžืฅ, ื•ื™ื”ื™ื” ืชืงื™ืฃ ื‘ื“ืขืชื•, ืฉืกื•ืฃ ื›ืœ ืกื•ืฃ ืื—ื•ื– ื”ื•ื ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ืฉื”ื™ื ืขื ื™ืŸ ื™ืงืจ ืžื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื‘ืขื•ืœื, ื•ื™ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ื‘ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช, ื‘ื—ื›ืžื” ื•ื‘ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ื™ืฉืจื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื” ื“ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•, ื•ื™ืฉืคืš ืฉื™ื—ื• ื‘ืชืคื™ืœื” ืœืคื ื™ ืงื•ื ื• ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืœ ื”ืคื•ืขืœ ืืช ื—ืœืงื™ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื™ืฆืื• ืืœ ื”ืคื•ืขืœ, ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขืฆืžื• ื•ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื‘ืขื“ ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื• ื•ื‘ืขื“ ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื”, ืื•ืจ ื”' ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืฉืœืžื•ืช, ื•ื™ืฉืชื•ืงืง ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื ืฉืžื•ืช ืชื”ื™ื™ื ื” ืžืชื•ืงื ื•ืช ื•ื ื”ื ื•ืช ืžื–ื™ื• ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื”, ื•ื”ื›ืœ ื™ืฉื‘ืขื• ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืฉืคืขืช ื—ื™ื™ื.


ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
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