ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ืคืจืฉืช ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื•ืชื "ืš
  • ื—ื•ืžืฉ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช
  • ื•ื™ืฆื
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
  • ื”ืœื›ื” ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื•ืžื•ืกืจ
  • ืืจืฅ ืื’ื“ื”
  • ื”ืžืœืืš ื•ื”ืื™ืฉ
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6 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”

ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœืขื™ืœื•ื™ ื ืฉืžืช

ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื›ื•ืจื”

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืœื“ืจืšืื–ื•ืจ ืฉื•ืจื˜ื™ืืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš
ื‘ืžืืžืจื™ื ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื ื ื•ื›ื—ื ื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื‘ืžืขืฉื™ื ืฉื—ื–"ืœ ืžืกืคืจื™ื ืงื™ื™ื ืฆื“ ืฉืœ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื–ื›ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื™ืฉ ืžืขืฉื™ื ืฉืžืœืžื“ื™ื ื–ื›ื•ืช ืขืœ ืขืžืœื™ ื”ืžืœืื›ื•ืช ื•ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืืช ืžื‘ื™ืื™ ืฉื—ืจ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”, ื•ื™ืฉ ืžืขืฉื™ื ืฉืžืœืžื“ื™ื ื–ื›ื•ืช ื–ื• ืขืœ ืขืžืœื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”; ื•ื™ืฉ ืžืขืฉื™ื ืฉืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืžื™ ืฉืžืฉืœื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืœืื›ื” ืืช ืžื‘ื™ืื™ ืฉื—ืจ ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”.

ืžืขืฉื™ื ืืœื• ืฉืœ ื—ื–"ืœ ื™ื•ื ืงื™ื ืืช ื›ื•ื—ื ืžื”ืžืขืฉื” ื”ืžืกื•ืคืจ ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืขืœ ืžืื‘ืงื• ืฉืœ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืขื ืื™ืฉ - ืขื“ ืขืœื•ืช ื”ืฉื—ืจ.

ืื™ืฉ ืชื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ืื•ื”ืœื™ื
ื™ืขืงื‘ ื•ืขืฉื™ื• ื ื•ืœื“ื• ื›ืืฉืจ ื˜ื‘ืขื ืฉื•ื ื” ื–ื” ืžื–ื”, ื•ื˜ื‘ืข ื–ื” ืžืชื’ืœื” ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื ื’ื“ืœื™ื: "ื•ึทื™ึผึดื’ึฐื“ึผึฐืœื•ึผ ื”ึทื ึผึฐืขึธืจึดื™ื ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดื™ ืขึตืฉื‚ึธื• ืึดื™ืฉื ื™ึนื“ึตืขึท ืฆึทื™ึดื“ ืึดื™ืฉื ืฉื‚ึธื“ึถื” ื•ึฐื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘ ืึดื™ืฉื ืชึผึธื ื™ึนืฉืึตื‘ ืึนื”ึธืœึดื™ื". ืื•ื ืงืœื•ืก ืžืชืจื’ื ืืช ื˜ื‘ืขื• ืฉืœ ื™ืขืงื‘ ื›"ื’ื‘ืจ ืฉืœื™ื ืžืฉืžื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ืช ืื•ืœืคื ื", ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื™ืขืงื‘ ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื•ืœื•ืžื“ ืชื•ืจื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืงื™ื™ื ืื– ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืชื•.

ืขืฉื™ื• ื”ื™ื” "ืึดื™ืฉื ืฉื‚ึธื“ึถื”" ื•ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ื’ื–ื™ืจื” ืฉื ื’ื–ืจื” ืขืœ ืื“ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ - "ื‘ึผึฐื–ึตืขึทืช ืึทืคึผึถื™ืšึธ ืชึผึนืื›ึทืœ ืœึถื—ึถื" (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื’, ื™ื˜). ืื•ืœื ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ื”ื™ื• ืคื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืžื’ื–ื™ืจื” ื–ื• ื•ืคืจื ืกืชื ื”ื™ืชื” ื ื™ืชื ืช ืœื”ื ืžืื—ืจื™ื, ื•ื›ืŸ ืžืฆืื ื• ื‘ืชื•ืจื” (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื™ื“, ื™ื—-ื›) ืฉืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื ื•ืชืŸ "ืžึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึตืจ ืžึดื›ึผึนืœ" ืœ"ืžึทืœึฐื›ึผึดื™ ืฆึถื“ึถืง ืžึถืœึถืšึฐ ืฉืึธืœึตื" ืฉื”ื™ื” "ื›ึนื”ึตืŸ ืœึฐืึต-ืœ ืขึถืœึฐื™ื•ึนืŸ". ืชืจื’ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ืžื’ืœื” ืฉ"ืžึทืœึฐื›ึผึดื™ ืฆึถื“ึถืง" ื”ื•ื ืฉื ื‘ืŸ ื ื—, ื•ื—ื–"ืœ ืžืกืคืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืžื” ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื™ืขืงื‘ ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืœืžื“ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืฉื ื‘ืŸ ื ื•ื— ื•ืฉืœ ืขื‘ืจ ื‘ื ื•.

ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื ื›ื•ื”ื ื™ื ืœื-ืœ ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ืฉืจ ืืช ืžืขืฉื™ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื•ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืืช ืœื‘ื‘ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื‘ื•ืจื. ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื’ืœื™ื ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช ื•ืชืชืงืŸ ืืช ื—ื˜ืื™ื” ื•ืชืขื‘ื•ื“ ืืช ื”ื‘ื•ืจื ื™ืื™ืจ ื”ืฉื—ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืชื’ื™ืข ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืชื‘ื•ื˜ืœ ื’ื ื—ื•ืžืจืช ื”ืขื•ื ืฉ ืฉืœ ืขืžืœ ื”ืžืœืื›ื•ืช. ืชืงื•ืคื” ื–ื• ื ืงืจืืช ื’ื "ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื—", ื•ื›ืš ืžืชืืจ ืื•ืชื” ื”ืจืžื‘"ื (ืžืœื›ื™ื ื™ื‘, ื”): "ืฉื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืชื”ื™ื” ืžื•ืฉืคืขืช ื”ืจื‘ื”, ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืžืขื“ื ื™ื ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืขืคืจ, ื•ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืขืกืง ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืืœื ืœื“ืขืช ืืช ื”' ื‘ืœื‘ื“".

ื•ืืžื ื ื™ืขืงื‘ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื›ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ, ื•ืื—ืจ ื–ืžืŸ ื™ืฆื ืžืžื ื• ืœื—ื•ืฅ ืœืืจืฅ ื•ื”ืชืคืจื ืก ืฉื ืžื™ื’ื™ืข ื›ืคื™ื• ื•ื”ื™ื” ืœืคื•ืขืœ ื ืืžืŸ. ืื•ืœื ื”ืชื’ืœื’ืœื•ืช ื–ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ืขืœ ื›ื•ืจื—ื•, ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืขืงื‘ ื—ื–ืจ ืœืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืจืฆื” ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืชืงื•ืคืชื• ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื•ืœืฉืžืฉ ื‘ื” ื›ื›ื”ืŸ ืœื-ืœ ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ.

ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื
ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ืจื— ืœื—ื•ืฅ ืœืืจืฅ ื”ื•ื ื ื“ืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืืœ ื ื“ืจ ืฉื™ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ื‘ื• ืœืืจืฅ (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื›ื—, ื›ื‘):
"...ื•ึฐื”ึธืึถื‘ึถืŸ ื”ึทื–ึผึนืืช ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืฉื‚ึทืžึฐืชึผึดื™ ืžึทืฆึผึตื‘ึธื” ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ื‘ึผึตื™ืช ืืœื•ืงื™ื ื•ึฐื›ึนืœ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืชึผึดืชึผึถืŸ ืœึดื™ ืขึทืฉึผื‚ึตืจ ืึฒืขึทืฉึผื‚ึฐืจึถื ึผื•ึผ ืœึธืšึฐ".

ืœืื—ืจ ืžืื•ืจืขื•ืช ืฉื›ื ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœื™ืขืงื‘ ืืช ื ื“ืจื• (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืœื”, ื):
"ื•ึทื™ึผึนืืžึถืจ ืืœื•ืงื™ื ืึถืœ ื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘ ืงื•ึผื ืขึฒืœึตื” ื‘ึตื™ืช ืึตืœ ื•ึฐืฉืึถื‘ ืฉืึธื ื•ึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึตื” ืฉืึธื ืžึดื–ึฐื‘ึผึตื—ึท ืœึธืึตืœ ื”ึทื ึผึดืจึฐืึถื” ืึตืœึถื™ืšึธ ื‘ึผึฐื‘ึธืจึฐื—ึฒืšึธ ืžึดืคึผึฐื ึตื™ ืขึตืฉื‚ึธื• ืึธื—ึดื™ืšึธ".

ื•ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืจืจ ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœื™ืขืงื‘ ืืช ื ื“ืจ ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ื”ืžื–ื‘ื— ืืš ืื™ื ื• ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœื• ืืช ื ื“ืจ ื”ืขึดืฉึผื‚ื•ึผืจ? ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื‘ืจืจ ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืžืฆืื ื• ืฉื™ืขืงื‘ ืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื ื“ืจ ื”ืขึดืฉึผื‚ื•ึผืจ, ื•ืœืžื™ ื ืชืŸ ืืช ื”ืขึดืฉึผื‚ื•ึผืจ?

ืœื ืžืฆืื ื• ื‘ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื™ืขืงื‘ ืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื ื“ืจ ื”ืขึดืฉึผื‚ื•ึผืจ. ื•ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื—ืฉื•ื“ ื‘ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืฉืœื ืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื ื“ืจื•, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืœืคื™ ืคืฉื•ื˜ื• ืฉืœ ืžืงืจื ื™ืขืงื‘ ืœื ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื“ืจ ื”ืขึดืฉึผื‚ื•ึผืจ ืœื ืชื™ื ืช ืžืขืฉืจ ืžืจื›ื•ืฉื• ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื•ืขื‘ืจ, ืืœื ืœืงืฉื•ืจ ืืช ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืืœ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ.

ื”ืžืกืคืจ ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื‘ื—ืจ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื‘ืกื™ืก ืžืชื ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืฉืจ ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืžื•ื–ื›ืจื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืžื•ืจื” ืขืœ ืงืฉืจ ืขื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ืขื ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ. ื•ื›ืŸ ืžืฆืื ื• ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ืžื ื—ื•ืช (ื“ืฃ ื›ื˜, ื‘) ืฉื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ื ื‘ืจื ื‘ืื•ืช ื™ื•"ื“ ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ืื•ืช ื”ืขืฉื™ืจื™ืช, ื•ื›ืŸ ืžืฆืื ื• ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช (ื“ืฃ ื›ื, ื‘) "ืžื ื™ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืื•ืžืจ ืงื“ื•ืฉื” - ืฉื ืืžืจ: "ื•ื ืงื“ืฉืชื™ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ" - ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื‘ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ืœื ื™ื”ื ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืขืฉืจื”" 1 .

ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ืขืงื‘ ื ื“ืจ ืืช ื ื“ืจ ื”ืขึดืฉึผื‚ื•ึผืจ ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื• ื”ื™ืชื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื•ื›ืœ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื• ื•ื›ืœ ืจื›ื•ืฉื• ื™ื”ื™ื• ืฉื™ื™ื›ื™ื ืœืงื•ื“ืฉ, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ื•ืžืฉืžืฉื™ื ื›ืžืฉืคื—ืช ื›ื”ื ื™ื, ื•ื™ื”ื™ื• ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื™ื” ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื“ืจื›ื• "ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ืื•ื”ืœื™ื". ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื›ืš ืžืฆืื ื• ื‘ืกืคืจ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ (ื’, ืžื”) ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืœื•ื™ื™ื ื•ืจื›ื•ืฉื ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืžืฉื™ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื”ื ืคื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืžื ืชื™ื ืช ืคื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืœื›ื”ืŸ.

ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืœื™ืขืงื‘ "ืงื•ึผื ืขึฒืœึตื” ื‘ึตื™ืช ืึตืœ" ื•ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื• - "ื•ึฐืฉืึถื‘ ืฉืึธื", ื‘ืชื•ืกืคืช ื–ื• ื”ื•ื ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœื™ืขืงื‘ ื’ื ืืช ื ื“ืจ ื”ืขึดืฉึผื‚ื•ึผืจ, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืขึดืฉึผื‚ื•ึผืจ ืฉืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื• ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ืขื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืžืชื‘ื˜ื ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ. ื•ืกื™ื•ืข ืœื”ื‘ื ื” ื–ื• ื™ืฉ ื‘ืคืจื•ืฉ ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ืฉื ืฉื›ืชื‘: " ื•ึฐืฉืึถื‘ ืฉืึธื ื•ึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึตื” ืฉืึธื ืžึดื–ึฐื‘ึผึตื—ึท - ืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืžื”ื• 'ื•ึฐืฉืึถื‘ ืฉืึธื'. ... ื•ืื•ืœื™ ืฆื™ื•ื” 'ื•ึฐืฉืึถื‘ ืฉืึธื' ืœืคื ื•ืช ืžื—ืฉื‘ืชื• ืœื“ื‘ืงื” ื‘ื-ืœ". ื•ืœืคื™ ืžื” ืฉื”ืชื‘ืืจ, ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœ "ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”" ืฉื‘ื” ื™ืฉื‘ื• ื•ื™ืคื ื• ืืช ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืœื“ื‘ืงื•ืช ื‘ืงื‘"ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ืžืขืฉื™ ืœืงื™ื•ื ื ื“ืจ ื”ืขึดืฉึผื‚ื•ึผืจ.

ื”ืžืื‘ืง ืขืœ ื”"ืื™ืฉ"
 ืžื•ืจื” ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื ืงืจื ื‘ืชื "ืš ื’ื ื‘ืฉื "ืžืœืืš" 2 . ื•ื›ืืŸ ื”ื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืืœ: ื”ืื ื”ื ื“ืจ ืฉื ื“ืจ ืื‘ื™ื• ื™ื’ืจื•ื ืœื‘ืŸ ืœืจืฆื•ืช ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื›ืžืœืืš? ื•ืžื” ื™ืขืฉื” ื”ื‘ืŸ ื›ืฉื ืคืฉื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ื•ืฉืงืช ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ืืจืฆื™ื™ื ืฉืœ "ืื™ืฉ" ืจื’ื™ืœ, ื•ืื™ื ื• ื—ืคืฅ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ื•ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื›ืžืœืืš?!

ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ (ืฆื, ื) ืžื•ื‘ืืช ื“ืจืฉืช ืจ' ืืœืขื–ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ "ื•ึทื™ึผึดื•ึผึธืชึตืจ ื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘ ืœึฐื‘ึทื“ึผื•ึน ื•ึทื™ึผึตืึธื‘ึตืง ืึดื™ืฉื ืขึดืžึผื•ึน ืขึทื“ ืขึฒืœื•ึนืช ื”ึทืฉึผืึธื—ึทืจ" (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืœื‘, ื›ื”), ื•ื–ื• ืœืฉื•ื ื”:
"ื•ึทื™ึผึดื•ึผึธืชึตืจ ื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘ ืœึฐื‘ึทื“ึผื•ึน, ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ืืœืขื–ืจ: ืฉื ืฉืชื™ื™ืจ ืขืœ ืคื›ื™ืŸ ืงื˜ื ื™ื, ืžื›ืืŸ ืœืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ืฉื—ื‘ื™ื‘ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืžืžื•ื ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื’ื•ืคื ื•ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืœืžื”, ืœืคื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืคื•ืฉื˜ื™ืŸ ื™ื“ื™ื”ืŸ ื‘ื’ื–ืœ."

ืžืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื”ื“ืจืฉื” ืขื•ืœื” ืฉื™ืขืงื‘ ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื“ืข ืœื›ืš ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืกื›ืŸ ืืช ื ืคืฉื• ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื ืฉืืจ ืœื‘ื“ื•, ื•ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืขืฉื” ื–ืืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืžืขื˜ ืžืจื›ื•ืฉื•. ืืžื ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืขื•ืจืจ ืชืžื™ื”ื” ืฉื”ืจื™ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ืŸ (ื“ืฃ ื™, ื) ืžื‘ื•ืืจ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื—ืžื™ืจ ื•ืœื—ืฉื•ืฉ ื’ื ืœืกืคืง ืฉืœ ืกื›ื ื”; ื•ืื ื›ืš ื›ืฉื ืฉื”ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื—ืžื™ืจ ื•ืœื—ื•ืฉ ืœืกืคืง ื’ื–ืœ ื›ืš ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื”ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ืœื”ื—ืžื™ืจ ื’ื ื‘ืกืคืง ืกื›ื ื”, ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ื™ืขืงื‘ ืกื™ื›ืŸ ืขืฆืžื• ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื•ืชื "ืคื›ื™ืŸ ืงื˜ื ื™ื"?!

ืืžื ื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉ"ืคื›ื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื" ืืœื• ื”ื ืžืฉืœ 3 . ื™ืขืงื‘ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืŸ 4 ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• "ืื™ืฉ" ืžื‘ื ื™ื• ืื• ืžื‘ื ื™ ื‘ื ื™ื• ืฉืœื ื™ืจืฆื” ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ื›ืžืœืืš. ืื“ืจื‘ื, "ืฉืจื• ืฉืœ ืขืฉื™ื•" ืžื•ืฉืš ืืช ื”ื‘ืŸ ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืืœื™ื• ื•ืœื˜ืคื— ืืช ื”ืฆื“ ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ ื•ื”ืžืžื•ื ื™ ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ื•. ื™ืขืงื‘ ืœื ืจืฆื” ืฉื”ื‘ืŸ ืฉื—ื•ืฉืง ืœื”ื™ื•ืช "ืื™ืฉ" ื™ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืฉืื™ื ื• "ืžืœืืš" ื•ื™ืชืคืชื” ื•ื™ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืœ ืขืฉื™ื•. ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืœื ืจืฆื” ืœื•ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ "ืคื›ื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื", ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืขืœ ื”"ืื ืฉื™ื" ืฉืฉืื™ืคื•ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืชื•ืจื ื™ ื ืจืื•ืช ื›ืงื˜ื ื•ืช, ื•ื ืื‘ืง ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจื•ืชื ื™ื—ื“.

ื™ืขืงื‘ ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืœ"ืื™ืฉ", ืฉื‘ืขื ืฉืขื•ืžื“ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ืœืขื•ืœื - ื™ืฉ ื”ื›ืจื— ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื’ื "ืื ืฉื™ื"; ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืื ืฉื™ ืžืขืฉื” ื•ืขืžืœ ืฉื™ืขืกืงื• ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืฆื“ ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ ื•ื‘ืฆื“ื“ื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืชื•ืจื ื™ื™ื. ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ืืช ื”"ื’ื•ืฃ" ื•ื”ืžืจื›ื– ืฉืœ ืขืžื, ื•ื”ืขื™ืกื•ืง ื‘"ื’ื•ืฃ" ื•ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ ืขืœื™ื”ื - ื”ื ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื. ืืš ื’ื ื”ืื ืฉื™ื "ืฉื—ื‘ื™ื‘ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืžืžื•ื ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื’ื•ืคื", ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืžืขื“ื™ืคื™ื ืœื”ืชืขืกืง ื‘ืฆื“ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื™ ื•ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื, ื•ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื•ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืฉืจ - ื’ื ื”ื ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื. - "ื•ึฐืขึทืžึผึตืšึฐ ื›ึผึปืœึผึธื ืฆึทื“ึผึดื™ืงึดื™ื"! 5

ื•ื™ืขืงื‘-ื”ืื™ืฉ ื ื˜ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืœ ืฉืจื• ืฉืœ ืขืฉื™ื• ื•ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ "ืขึดืžึผื•ึน", ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ืขื ื™ืขืงื‘-ื”ืžืœืืš ืœืžืกืข ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ืœื”ื‘ืืช ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ืœืขื•ืœื, ืžืกืข ืฉื™ืืจืš "ืขึทื“ ืขึฒืœื•ึนืช ื”ึทืฉึผืึธื—ึทืจ".

ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืื™ืŸ "ืื ืฉื™ื" "ื”ืฉืชื“ืœ" ืœื”ื™ื•ืช "ืื™ืฉ"
ืืœื ืฉืื "ืขึทืžึผึตืšึฐ ื›ึผึปืœึผึธื ืฆึทื“ึผึดื™ืงึดื™ื", ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื™ื‘ื—ืจ ืžื™ ืฉืฉื™ื™ืš ืœืขื ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืืช ื“ืจื›ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื?!

ืจื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืžื˜ื•ื•ื” ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ื”ื“ืจืš, ื•ื–ื• ืœืฉื•ื ื•:
"ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืžืจ ... ื•ืœื ื›ืœ ื”ืžืจื‘ื” ื‘ืกื—ื•ืจื” ืžื—ื›ื™ื ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืฉืชื“ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื™ืฉ." (ืื‘ื•ืช ื‘, ื”)

ื•ื–ื• ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืžื’ืŸ ืื‘ื•ืช ืœืจืฉื‘"ืฅ ื‘ืคืจื•ืฉื• ืœืžืฉื ื” ืฉื:
" ื•ืœื ื›ืœ ื”ืžืจื‘ื” ื‘ืกื—ื•ืจื” ืžื—ื›ื™ื . ืœืคื™ ืฉืขืกืง ืกื—ื•ืจืชื• ืžืขื›ื‘ ืื•ืชื• ืžืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืชื•ืจื”. ... ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืฉืชื“ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื™ืฉ . ืชืจื’ื•ื (ืื•ื ืงืœื•ืก) 'ื•ึทื™ึผึตืึธื‘ึตืง ืึดื™ืฉื ืขึดืžึผื•ึน' (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืœื‘, ื›ื”), 'ื•ืืฉืชื“ืœ ื’ื‘ืจ'. ื•ื™ืฉ ื’ื•ืจืกื™ืŸ 'ื”ืฉืชื“ืจ', ื•ื”ื›ืœ ืื—ื“. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืคืจืฅ ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ืฆื‘ื•ืจ, ื”ืฉืชื“ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื™ืฉ, ื•ืืฃ ืื ืชืชื‘ื˜ืœ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ ืชื•ืจื”, ... ื•ื‘ืคืจืง ืฉืชื™ ื”ืœื—ื (ืžื ื—ื•ืช ืฆื˜) ืืžืจื•: ืคืขืžื™ื ืฉื‘ื˜ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ืจื” ื–ื”ื• ื™ืกื•ื“ื”, ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ 'ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืฉืึดื‘ึผึทืจึฐืชึผึธ' (ืฉืžื•ืช ืœื“, ื), ืืžืจ ืœื• ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืœืžืฉื”: 'ื™ึดื™ืฉืึทืจ ื›ึผึนื—ึทืšึธ ืฉืึถืฉืึดื‘ึผึทืจึฐืชึผึธ'."

ื”ืจืฉื‘"ืฅ ืžื‘ืืจ ืฉืœืžื•ืœ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ืขื•ืžื“ ื”ืžืื‘ืง ืฉืœ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืขื ื”"ืื™ืฉ" ืœืคื™ ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉื‘ื” ืชื™ืจื’ื ืื•ื ืงืœื•ืก: "ื•ืืฉืชืืจ ื™ืขืงื‘ ื‘ืœื—ื•ื“ื•ื”ื™ ื•ืืฉืชื“ืœ ื’ื•ื‘ืจื ืขืžื™ื” ืขื“ ื“ืกืœื™ืง ืฆืคืจื". ืจืฉ"ื™ ื›ืชื‘: "ืฉื™ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืืจืžื™ ื›ืคื™ืชื•ื™ ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืขื‘ืจื™" 6 ; ืืœื ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ืจืจ, ืžื” ืคืฉืจ ื”ื”ืชืคืชื•ืช ืฉื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”?

ืœืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืฉื‘"ืฅ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื”ื™ืชื” ืขืœ "ืื™ืฉ" ืคืจื˜ื™ ืžื‘ื ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื‘ื™ื ื•. ืฉืจื• ืฉืœ ืขืฉื™ื• ืืžืจ ืœ"ืื™ืฉ" ืฉืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื•ื˜ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช "ืื™ืฉ" ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื• ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœื‘ื ื™ ืขืฉื™ื• ื•ืœื ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ืขื ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืขืงื‘ ื”"ืžืœืื›ื™ื". ื•ืืœื• ื™ืขืงื‘-ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ืฆื™ืข ื‘ืคื ื™ื• ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ืชื•ืจ "ืื™ืฉ" ื‘ืชื•ืš ืขื ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืขืงื‘. ื•ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืื‘ืง ื”ื™ื” ืฉืื•ืชื• "ืื™ืฉ" ื”ืชืคืชื” ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ "ืื™ืฉ" ืžื‘ื ื™ ื™ืขืงื‘.

ื”ืžืฉื ื” ืžื“ืจื™ื›ื” ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžื”ืžืื‘ืง ืฉืœ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื‘ื™ื ื• - ืฉื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืฉืœื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช "ืื™ืฉ" ื”ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœื‘ื ื™ ืขืฉื™ื•. ืืš ืคืขืžื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ืชืคืชื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช "ืื™ืฉ" ืžื‘ื ื™ ื™ืขืงื‘ ื™ืฉ ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืฆื“ื™ืงื•ืช. ื•ืืžื ื ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช "ืžืœืืš" ืฉืžืžืขื˜ ื‘ืขืกืง ื•ืžืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืจื”. ืืš ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ืขื ืžืฉื•ื•ืขื™ื ืœื™ื“ ืขื•ื–ืจืช ื•ืื™ืŸ ืžืกืคื™ืง "ืื ืฉื™ื", ืจื‘ืŸ ื’ืžืœื™ืืœ ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืžื“ืจื™ืš ืืช ื”"ืžืœืืš" - ืœื”ืชืคืชื•ืช ื•ืœืฆืืช ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช "ืื™ืฉ" ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืฆื‘ื•ืจ.

ื‘ืžืืžืจ ื–ื” ื”ืชื‘ืืจ ืฉื ื“ืจ ื”ืขึดืฉึผื‚ื•ึผืจ ืฉืœ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื• ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ืืœ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื• ื”ืžืขืฉื™ ื”ื•ื ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉื‘ื” ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืืช ืชื•ืจืช ื”'. ื•ื”ืชื‘ืืจ ืฉ"ืคื›ื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื" ื•"ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ืฉืžืžื•ื ื ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืžื’ื•ืคื" ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืžืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžืขื“ื™ืคื™ื ืœื”ืชืขืกืง ื‘ืฆื“ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื™ ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื•ืจืื™ื ื• ืฉืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื”ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ืื’ื“ื•ืช ื—ื–"ืœ ืžืจื—ืคืช ืจื•ื— ืฉืœ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื–ื›ื•ืช, ื•ื—ื–"ืœ ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ืื•ืชื ื• ืฉื™ืขืงื‘ ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื ืฆืจืš ื’ื ืœ"ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื" ื›ืืœื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ื’ืื•ืœื”,

ื‘ืžืืžืจ ื”ื‘ื ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืžืคื’ืฉ ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืœืื™ืฉ.


^ 1 ื•ื”ืื‘ืŸ ืฉื™ืขืงื‘ ืžืจื™ื ืœืžืฆื‘ื” ืžืกืžืœืช ืืช ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื•, ื•ืจืื” ื‘ืคืจื“ืก ืจืžื•ื ื™ื ืœืจืž"ืง (ื›ื’, ื): "ืื‘ืŸ ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ื•ื ื‘ืกื•ื“ ื™ื•"ื“ ื•ืจื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื™ื•"ื“ ืฉื‘ื”."
^ 2 ื›ึผึดื™ ืฉื‚ึดืคึฐืชึตื™ ื›ึนื”ึตืŸ ื™ึดืฉืึฐืžึฐืจื•ึผ ื“ึทืขึทืช ื•ึฐืชื•ึนืจึธื” ื™ึฐื‘ึทืงึฐืฉืื•ึผ ืžึดืคึผึดื™ื”ื•ึผ ื›ึผึดื™ ืžึทืœึฐืึทืšึฐ ื”' ืฆึฐ-ื‘ึธืื•ึนืช ื”ื•ึผื: (ืžืœืื›ื™ ื‘, ื–), ื•ืจืื” ื’ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื (ื‘ ืœื•, ื˜ื–)
^ 3 ื•ืจืื” ื‘ืกืคืจ ืงื•ืžืฅ ื”ืžื ื—ื” ืœืจ' ืฆื“ื•ืง ื”ื›ื”ืŸ (ื—ืœืง ื‘, ืขื˜)
^ 4 ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ืžื•ืจื” ื”ื ื‘ื•ื›ื™ื (ื‘, ืžื‘) ืฉื”ื”ืื‘ืงื•ืช ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ืžืจืื” ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื”. ื•ืจืื” ืžื” ืฉื›ืชื‘ ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ืœืชื•ืจื”.
^ 5 ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ืก, ื›ื
^ 6 ืจืฉ"ื™ ืœืฉืžื•ืช ื›ื‘, ื˜ื•. ื”ืจืžื‘"ืŸ ื—ืœืง ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืจืฉ"ื™ ื ืชืŸ ืœืฉื•ืจืฉ ืฉื“"ืœ ื‘ืืจืžื™ืช, ืืš ืงืฉื” ืœื“ื—ื•ืช ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจืฉ"ื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืกื™ื•ืข ืžืžืฉื ื” ื–ื•.

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ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื›ืžืŸ

ืขื•ืจืš ืžื“ื•ืจ ืื’ื“ื” ื‘ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืืจืฅ ื—ืžื“ื”.
ื•ื™ืฆื
ื•ื™ืฆื
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉืคื™ืจื ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ
     ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืฉืคื™ืจื ื–ืฆื•ืง"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
     ื”ืจื‘ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื—ื™ ื”ื›ื”ืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื—ื™ ื”ื›ื”ืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืฉื˜ืจื ื‘ืจื’ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืฉื˜ืจื ื‘ืจื’ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื ื—ืžื™ื” ื’ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจื’ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื ื—ืžื™ื” ื’ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจื’ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืžืœืžื“
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืžืœืžื“
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืœืœ ื’ืคืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืœืœ ื’ืคืŸ
  • ืขื•ื ื’ ืฉื‘ืช ืคืจืฉืช ืœืš ืœืš - ื•ื™ืจื
    ืขื ื’ ืฉื‘ืช

    ืขื•ื ื’ ืฉื‘ืช ืคืจืฉืช ืœืš ืœืš - ื•ื™ืจื

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  • ืœืš ืœืš - ืžื”ื• ืกื•ื“ ื”ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื?
    5 ื“ืง'
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    ืœืš ืœืš - ืžื”ื• ืกื•ื“ ื”ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื?

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืื™ืจ ื’ื•ืœื“ื•ื™ื›ื˜ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืฉืื™ืœืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ
    48 ื“ืง'
    ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ

    ืฉืื™ืœืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ

    ืžื“ื•ืข ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื—ื•ืจืฃ ืฉืœื ื• ืืฆืœื ืงื™ืฅ ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ื’ืฉื, ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ื™ืขืงื‘ ื”ืชืขืงืฉ ืœื”ื™ืงื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืขืจืช ื”ืžื›ืคืœื”, ื•ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืชืคื™ืœืช ืžืขื™ืŸ ืฉืœื•ืฉ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ืœ"ื
    31 ื“ืง'
    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช

    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ืœ"ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ ืกื˜ืคื ืกืงื™ | ื—' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืืžื•ื ื”: ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชื” ื•ืฉืคืœื•ืชื”
    52 ื“ืง'
    ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืื™"ื”

    ืืžื•ื ื”: ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชื” ื•ืฉืคืœื•ืชื”

    ืืžื•ื ื” ื›"ื˜ -ืœ"ื

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ื”ื›ืคื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืืžื•ื ื”: ืžื—ื“ ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืœืขื•ื– ื•ื’ื‘ื•ืจื” ืขื™ืœืื™ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืžื“ื‘ืงื•ืช ื‘ื”', ื•ืžืื™ื“ืš ืœืขื“ืŸ ื•ืœืจื›ืš ืืช ืขื•ืฆืžืชื• ื”ืคืจืื™ืช. ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืœื›ืš ืžื•ืกื‘ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืืžื•ื ื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื•ืœืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืฉื”ื ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ืœื”ื—ื™ื™ืืช ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ืœืชื—ื™ื™ื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืžืœืื”.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื‘ืจ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ | ื”' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืื“ื
    45 ื“ืง'
    ื ื—

    ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืื“ื

    ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืคืชื™ื—ื” ืœื–ืžืŸ ื—ื•ืจืฃ

    ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืžืžื•ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจืš ื•ื”ืชืจื—ืงื•ืช ืžืื‘ืง ื’ื–ืœ , ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชืžื“ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื—ื•ืจืฃ ื•ื”ืฉืงื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื–' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ืœ'
    33 ื“ืง'
    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช

    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ืœ'

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ ืกื˜ืคื ืกืงื™ | ื–' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื ื—, ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืกื•ื“ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ
    29 ื“ืง'
    ืฉื ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื”

    ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื ื—, ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืกื•ื“ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ

    ืฉื ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื” - ื ื— - ื—ืœืง ื‘'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืชืืจื™ื• ืฉืœ ื ื— ืžืฉืงืคื™ื ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ, ื‘ื ืคืฉ ื•ื‘ืฉื›ืœ ื›ื ื’ื“ ืงืœืงื•ืœื™ ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืœ, ื•ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืžืขืœื•ืช ืืœื• ืœื”ืืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื ื•ื— ืจื•ืžื– ืืœื™ื•. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืžื•ืกื‘ืจืช ื—ื•ื›ืžืชื• ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื ื— ืฉื”ืชื‘ื˜ืื” ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืขืฆืžื™ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืœืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”' ื‘ื›ื ื™ืกืชื• ื•ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืชื• ืžืŸ ื”ืชื™ื‘ื”, ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ืฉื–ื™ื›ืชื” ืื•ืชื• ืœืœืฉื•ืŸ "ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ" ื”ืžื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืคื ื™ืžื™ ื•ื™ืฉื™ืจ ืขื ื”ื‘ื•ืจื.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ | ื”' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืคื’ื ื”ืื“ื ื•ืชื™ืงื•ื ื• ื‘ืฆืœื ืืœื•ื”ื™ื
    25 ื“ืง'
    ืฉื ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื”

    ืคื’ื ื”ืื“ื ื•ืชื™ืงื•ื ื• ื‘ืฆืœื ืืœื•ื”ื™ื

    ืฉื ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื” - ื ื— - ื—ืœืง ื'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื”ืฉืคืขืช ื—ื˜ื ืขืฅ ื”ื“ืขืช ืขืœ ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืื“ื โ€“ ื’ื•ืฃ, ื ืคืฉ, ืฉื›ืœ ื•ืฆืœื ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื, ื•ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื•ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืฉื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœื”ืคืจื™ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ื˜ื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืœื˜ืžืื•ืช. ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ืžื•ืกื‘ืจืช ื ืคื™ืœืชื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืœ ืฉืกื™ืจื‘ื• ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ, ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ืฉืœืžื•ืชื• ื•ืฆื“ืงื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื ื—.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ื›"ื˜
    27 ื“ืง'
    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช

    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ื›"ื˜

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ ืกื˜ืคื ืกืงื™ | ื•' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช
    43 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ - ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

    ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช

    ืขื‘ื“ืช ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื ืคืฉ ื -ื”

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ื›ื™ ืœืฆื“ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืื“ื ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™ ื•ืžืขืžื™ืง ื‘ื–ื™ื›ื•ืš ืžื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ื”ื ืคืฉ. ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื›ืจืช ืฉืชื™ ื”ื ืคืฉื•ืช ื”ืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ื‘ื•, ื”ื•ื ืœื•ืžื“ ืœืจื•ืžื ืืช ื›ื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื•ืืช ื”ื›ืœืœ.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืกืคืงื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืžื•ืœ ืกืคืงื•ืช ื‘ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช
    40 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉ"ืก

    ืกืคืงื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืžื•ืœ ืกืคืงื•ืช ื‘ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืžื“ื•ืข ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ื”ื›ืœืœ ื”ื•ื "ืกืคื™ืงื ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ืœื—ื•ืžืจื", ื•ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืื—ืจ ื”ืžื•ื—ื–ืง ("ื”ืžื•ืฆื™ื ืžื—ื‘ืจื• ืขืœื™ื• ื”ืจืื™ื”") ื•ืžืงื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืกืคืง. ืžืชื•ืš ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”"ืงื•ื ื˜ืจืก ื”ืกืคื™ืงื•ืช", ื”"ืชื•ืžื™ื" ื•ืจ' ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืฉืงื•ืค, ืžืชื‘ืืจ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื”ืžื”ื•ืชื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืฉืžื™ื™ืžื™ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื™ื ืขืœ ืกื‘ืจื” ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ื•ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ื–ืื’ื | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื›ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื•ืช ืจืฆื™ืคื” ื•ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช
    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื›ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื•ืช ืจืฆื™ืคื” ื•ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื• ืคืจืง ื›"ื– - ื›"ื—

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชืคื™ืกืช ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื›ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ ืื—ื“ ื•ืจืฆื™ืฃ, ืฉืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ื ืžืฉืš ืœืื•ืจืš ื›ืœ ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ืจื™ื“ื•ืช, ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ื-ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืงืจื™ื•ืช, ืืœื ืžื”ื•ื•ืช ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืœืื—ื“ื•ืช ื”ืื•ืžื” ื•ืœืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืฉืœืžื”.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžื’ื“ื•ืœืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืœื‘
    ื ื—

    ืžื’ื“ื•ืœืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืœื‘

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ ืžื•ืœ ืื™ื ืกื•ืคื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื•ืจื ื•ื”ืฉื’ื—ืชื•, ื“ืจืš ืžืคื’ืฉื™ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืŸ ื—ื ื ื™ื” ื•ื”ืงื™ืกืจ ื•ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ืžื”ื•ืช ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช. ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืื™ื ื• ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืื• ืžืกื—ืจ ืขื ืฉืžื™ื™ื, ืืœื ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ืขื ื•ื•ื” ื•ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืืžื™ืชื™ ืœืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ื“ืจืš ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื›ื™ืกื•ืคื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืฉืŸ | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื›ื›ื•ื— ืžืจืคื ืœื ืคืฉ
    ืขื™ืŸ ืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ

    ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื›ื›ื•ื— ืžืจืคื ืœื ืคืฉ

    ืฉื‘ืช ื, ืง"ืก

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชืคื™ืกืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง ืœืคื™ื” ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœืื—ืจ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ืื™ื ื• ืขื•ื ืฉ ื ืงืžื ื™, ืืœื ื”ืชืคื›ื—ื•ืช ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืื“ื ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ืืžืช ื•ื—ืฉ ื›ืื‘ ืขืœ ื”ื—ืžืฆืช ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื•. ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื™ื ืืœื• ื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœื–ื›ืš ืืช ื”ื ืคืฉ, ืœื ืขืจ ืื•ืชื” ืžื”ืฉืงื™ืขื” ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืืœ ื˜ื‘ืขื” ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื›"ื— ืืœื•ืœ ืชืฉืค"ื•
  • ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืžื‘ื˜ ืืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“
    44 ื“ืง'
    ืขื™ืŸ ืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ

    ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ืžื‘ื˜ ืืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“

    ืฉื‘ืช ื, ืงืก"ื‘ - ืงืก"ื“

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉื ืฉืืœ ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืขืœื” โ€“ ื‘ื”ืŸ ืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ ื‘ืืžื•ื ื”, ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืขืชื™ื ืœืชื•ืจื” ื•ืฆื™ืคื™ื™ื” ืœื™ืฉื•ืขื” โ€“ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืชื•ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจืื™"ื” ืงื•ืง. ื“ืจืš ืฉืืœื•ืช ืืœื• ื ื‘ื—ื ื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืฉืจ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ืช ื•ืคืขื™ืœื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืžืชื•ืš ืžื‘ื˜ ืืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ื•ื”ื›ืœืœ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื”' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ื›"ื—
    33 ื“ืง'
    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช

    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ื›"ื—

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ ืกื˜ืคื ืกืงื™ | ื”' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš โ€“ ื ื—
    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš

    ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืœื™ืš โ€“ ื ื—

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 622

    ืขืœื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 622

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
ืื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™

ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il