ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื‘ื™ืช ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช

ื”ืงื“ืฉืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชืจ

ื”ืงื“ืฉ

ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
 ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ
  • ื”ืœื›ื” ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื•ืžื•ืกืจ
  • ืืจืฅ ืื’ื“ื”
  • ื ื—ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ื’ืžื–ื•
ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฉื ื™ืช
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8 ื“ืง' ืงืจื™ืื”
ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืงื“ืฉืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”

ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœืขื™ืœื•ื™ ื ืฉืžืช

ืืฉืจ ื‘ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืœื“ืจืšืื–ื•ืจ ืฉื•ืจื˜ื™ืืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ืืคืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขืกื“ืจื•ืชืกืคืจื™ื”ืคืกืงื™ ื“ื™ืŸื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš
ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ืชืขื ื™ืช (ื“ืฃ ื›ื ื) ืžื•ื‘ืืช ืื’ื“ื” ืขืœ ื ื—ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ื’ื ื–ื•, ื•ื–ื• ืœืฉื•ื ื” ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžืช ื•ืžื‘ื•ืืจืช:
"ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ืงืจืื• ืœื• 'ื ื—ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ื’ื ื–ื•' - ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืขืœ ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืงื•ืจื” ืœื• ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืžืจ: 'ื’ื ื–ื• ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื”'. ืคืขื ืื—ืช ืจืฆื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืฉืœื•ื— ื“ื•ืจื•ืŸ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืงื™ืกืจ, ืืžืจื• ืžื™ ื™ืœืš ืœืฉื? ื™ืœืš ื ื—ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ื’ื ื–ื• ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืœื•ืžื“ ื‘ื ื™ืกื™ื. ืฉืœื—ื• ื‘ื™ื“ื• ืืจื’ื– ืžืœื ืื‘ื ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืžืจื’ืœื™ื•ืช. ื”ืœืš, ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืžืœื•ืŸ, ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ืงืžื• ื“ื™ื™ืจื™ ื”ืžืœื•ืŸ ื•ื ื˜ืœื• ืืช ื”ืื‘ื ื™ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ืืจื’ื– ื•ืžื™ืœืื• ืืช ื”ืืจื’ื– ืขืคืจ. ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืฉื ืคืชื—ื• ืืช ื”ืืจื’ื– ื•ืจืื• ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืœื ืขืคืจ, ืจืฆื” ื”ืžืœืš ืœืงื˜ื•ืœ ืืช ื›ื•ืœื, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืืžืจ: 'ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืฆื•ื—ืงื™ื ืžืžื ื™'. ืืžืจ ื ื—ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ื’ื ื–ื•: 'ื’ื ื–ื• ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื”'. ื‘ื ืืœื™ื”ื• ื•ื ื“ืžื” ืœืžืœืš ื›ืื—ื“ ืžื‘ื ื™ ืžืžืœื›ืชื• ื•ืืžืจ ืœื•: 'ืื•ืœื™ ื”ืขืคืจ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืžืขืคืจื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื”ื, ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉืœื™ืš ืืช ื”ืขืคืจ ืขืœ ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ื• ื”ื™ื” ื”ื•ืคืš ืœื—ืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉืœื™ืš ืขืœื™ื”ื ืงืฉ ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื”ื•ืคืš ืœื—ื™ืฆื™ื, ืฉื ืืžืจ 'ื™ึดืชึผึตืŸ ื›ึผึถืขึธืคึธืจ ื—ึทืจึฐื‘ึผื•ึน ื›ึผึฐืงึทืฉื ื ึดื“ึผึธืฃ ืงึทืฉืึฐืชึผื•ึน' (ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ืžื, ื‘)'. ื”ื™ืชื” ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืื—ืช ืฉืขื“ ืื– ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื›ื•ื‘ืฉื”, ื‘ื“ืงื• ืืช ื”ืขืคืจ ื”ื–ื” ื•ื›ื‘ืฉื•ื”. ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื• ืืช ื ื—ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ื’ื ื–ื• ืœื‘ื™ืช ื’ื ื–ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœืš ื•ืžืœืื• ืืช ื”ืืจื’ื– ืฉืœื• ื‘ืื‘ื ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืžืจื’ืœื™ื•ืช ื•ืฉืœื—ื• ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ื‘ื“ืจื›ื ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื ื• ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืžืฉืœื—ืช ื‘ืžืœื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืœืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ. ืืžืจื• ืœื• ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืžืœื•ืŸ: ืžื” ื”ื‘ืืช ืื™ืชืš ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืœืš ืฉืขืฉื• ืœืš ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื–ื”? ืืžืจ ืœื”ื: ืžื” ืฉืœืงื—ืชื™ ืžื›ืืŸ ื”ื‘ืืชื™ ืœืฉื. ืกืชืจื• ื“ื™ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืœื•ืŸ ืฉืœื”ื ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืืช ืื‘ื ื™ื• ื•ืืช ืขืคืจื• ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืœืš ื•ืืžืจื• ืœื•: 'ื”ืขืคืจ ืฉื ื—ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ื’ื ื–ื• ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื›ืืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉืœื ื•'. ื‘ื“ืงื• ืืช ื”ืขืคืจ ื•ืœื ื’ื™ืœื• ื‘ื• ืืช ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ืขืคืจ ืฉืœ ื ื—ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ื’ื ื–ื•, ื•ื”ืจื’ื• ืืช ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืžืœื•ืŸ".

ื”ืžืขืฉื” ื˜ืขื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืจ. ื›ืืฉืจ ื ื—ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ื’ื ื–ื• ืฉื•ืžืข ืฉื”ืžืœืš ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืงื˜ื•ืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืžืฉืœื—ืช (ืื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื) ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ "ื’ื ื–ื• ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื”", ืžื” ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื›ืš?!

ืฉื™ื—ืช ื”ืื’ื“ื•ืช
ื‘ืžืืžืจื™ื ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื”ืงืฉื™ื™ื ืฉื—ื–"ืœ ืžืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืื’ื“ื•ืช ืขืœ ื ื—ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ื”ื ื“ืจืš ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืื’ื“ื•ืช ืžืฉื•ื—ื—ื•ืช ื–ื• ืขื ื–ื• ื•ืขื•ื ื•ืช ื–ื• ืœื–ื•.

ื‘ืžืืžืจ "ื ื—ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ื’ื ื–ื• ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ืจืข ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”" ื”ืชื‘ืืจ ืฉื ื—ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ื’ื ื–ื• ืžืกืžืœ ืืช ืžื™ ืฉื™ืฆื ืžื”ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงืจื‘ ืืช ื”ืชื’ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื™ื—. ืœืคื™ ืฉื™ื˜ืชื• ืฉืœ ืจ' ืขืงื™ื‘ื ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืขืžืœ ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืื“ื ืคืฆื•ืข ื•ืžื•ื›ื”, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืจ' ืขืงื™ื‘ื ื‘ื ื•ืžืฉืชื“ืœ ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจื• ืœื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”. ื‘ืื’ื“ื” ืฉื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื ื—ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ื’ื ื–ื• ืžื•ื“ื™ืข ืœืจ' ืขืงื™ื‘ื ืฉืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืชื—ืžืง ืžื”ื”ืชื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืœืขืžื™ ื”ืืจืฆื•ืช ืฉืžืฉืชื“ืœื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืขืžืœ ื”ืžืœืื›ื•ืช, ื•ืื“ืจื‘ื ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉืจ' ืขืงื™ื‘ื ื™ืชื™ื™ืกืจ ื™ื—ื“ ืขื™ืžื•.

ืื•ืœื ืื’ื“ืช ื”ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ื‘ืื” ืœืœืžื“ ื–ื›ื•ืช ืขืœ ืืœื• ืฉื ืฉืืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ, ื•ื‘ืžืืžืจ "ื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื ื—ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ื’ื ื–ื•" ื”ืชื‘ืืจ ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืชืืจืช ืืช ืขืžื™ ื”ืืจืฆื•ืช ืฉืžืฉืชื“ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ืขืœ ื›ื ื” ื›ื›ืœื™ื ื—ืกืจื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืจื‘ื” ืฉืžื˜ื” ืœื™ืคื•ืœ, ืฉืจืง ื”ื”ืชื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉื ื—ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ื’ื ื–ื• ืžืชื—ื‘ืจ ืืœื™ื”ื ื”ื™ื ื–ื• ืฉืžืฆื™ืœื” ืื•ืชื. ื•ื ื—ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ื’ื ื–ื• ืžื–ื”ื™ืจ ื‘ืื’ื“ืช ื”ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืžืคื ื™ ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืฉืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœื”ืงื™ื ืืช "ืกื•ื›ืช ื“ื•ื™ื“ ื”ื ื•ืคืœืช", ื•ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื•ื ืžืกื›ื™ื ืฉืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื• ื™ื•ืฆื™ืื•ื”ื• ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื”"ื›ืœื™ื" ืžื”ื—ื•ืจื‘ื” ื”ื–ื•.

ื”ืื’ื“ื” ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืช ืขืœ ื”ืขืคืจ ืฉืœ ื ื—ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ื’ื ื–ื• ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกืช ืœืงื•ื“ืžืชื”, ื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ืื” ืœืœืžื“ ื–ื›ื•ืช ืขืœ ืขืžื™ ื”ืืจืฆื•ืช, ื•ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืืœื™ื”ื ื›ื›ืœื™ื ื—ืกืจื™ ื—ื™ื™ื; ื•ื”ื™ื ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ืžื›ืžื” ืฉืœื‘ื™ื.

ื“ื•ืจื•ืŸ ืœืงื™ืกืจ
ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืจืฆื” ืœืฉืœื•ื— "ื“ื•ืจื•ืŸ" ืœ"ืงื™ืกืจ". ื”"ื“ื•ืจื•ืŸ" ืžื•ื›ืจ ืœื ื• ืžืฉืชื™ ื”ืื’ื“ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ืขืœ ื ื—ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ื’ื ื–ื•, ืืœื ืฉืฉื ื”"ื“ื•ืจื•ืŸ" ื ืฉืœื— ืœ"ื‘ื™ืช ื—ืžื™ื•" ื•ืืœื• ื›ืืŸ ืœ"ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืงื™ืกืจ". ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื–ื” ื ื•ืขื“ ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœื‘ื•ืจื ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœื ืจืง ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ืืœื ื’ื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืœืš ื•ืขื‘ื“ื™ื, ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืชืžืข ืžื›ืš.

ื”"ื“ื•ืจื•ืŸ" ื”ื•ื ื”"ื“ื•ืจื•ืŸ" ืฉืœ ื”ืื’ื“ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืฉืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื”. ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื ืžืฉืœืช ืœ"ืื‘ืŸ ืกืคื™ืจ", ื•ืฉืขื•ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื ืžืฉืœื•ืช ืœืื‘ื ื™ื ื”ื™ืงืจื•ืช ืฉืžื™ืœืื• ืืช ื”ืืจื’ื– ืฉืœ ื ื—ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ื’ื ื–ื•. ื•ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืจืฆื” ืœืฉืœื•ื— ืืช ืฉืขื•ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืœื• ื›"ื“ื•ืจื•ืŸ" ืœื‘ื•ืจื ื”ืขื•ืœื.

ื”ืžืœื›ื•ืช
ื”ืžืขืฉื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื“ื•ืจื•ืŸ ืœ"ืงื™ืกืจ" ืฉื–ื”ื• ืฉื ืฉืžื–ื•ื”ื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืขื ื”ืžืœืš ื”ืจื•ืžื™, ืืš ื‘ื”ืžืฉื›ื• ื”ื•ื ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืœืกืคืจ ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืงืจื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช "ื”ืžืœืš", ืฉื–ื”ื• ืฉื ื›ืœืœื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืžื“ื•ืข ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื?

ืขื ื™ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ื‘ื ื‘ื•ืืช ื™ืจืžื™ื” ื ืืžืจ (ื›ื˜, ื–): "ื•ึฐื“ึดืจึฐืฉืื•ึผ ืึถืช ืฉืึฐืœื•ึนื ื”ึธืขึดื™ืจ ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ื”ึดื’ึฐืœึตื™ืชึดื™ ืึถืชึฐื›ึถื ืฉืึธืžึผึธื” ื•ึฐื”ึดืชึฐืคึผึทืœึฐืœื•ึผ ื‘ึทืขึฒื“ึธื”ึผ ืึถืœ ื”' ื›ึผึดื™ ื‘ึดืฉืึฐืœื•ึนืžึธื”ึผ ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถื” ืœึธื›ึถื ืฉืึธืœื•ึนื". ื•ื‘ืžืกื›ืช ืื‘ื•ืช (ื’, ื‘) ื ืืžืจ: "ืจื‘ื™ ื—ื ื™ื ื ืกื’ืŸ ื”ื›ื”ื ื™ื ืื•ืžืจ ื”ื•ื™ ืžืชืคืœืœ ื‘ืฉืœื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืฉืืœืžืœื ืžื•ืจืื” ืื™ืฉ ืืช ืจืขื”ื• ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืœืขื•". ื•ื‘ืกืคืจ ื”ืคืœื™ืื” (ื“"ื” ื"ืœ ืืžืจืช ืœื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ื›ืœ ื”ื›ืกืื•ืช) ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉื”ืžืœื›ื™ื ื‘ืฉืจ ื•ื“ื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ื•ืคืขืช ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื”' ื‘ืขื•ืœื.

ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืื™ื“ื™ืืœื™ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื™ืคื™ืฅ ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ืื™ืœื• ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืชืขืกื•ืงื ื” ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
"ื•ึฐืขึธืžึฐื“ื•ึผ ื–ึธืจึดื™ื ื•ึฐืจึธืขื•ึผ ืฆึนืื ึฐื›ึถื ื•ึผื‘ึฐื ึตื™ ื ึตื›ึธืจ ืึดื›ึผึธืจึตื™ื›ึถื ื•ึฐื›ึนืจึฐืžึตื™ื›ึถื: ื•ึฐืึทืชึผึถื ื›ึผึนื”ึฒื ึตื™ ื”' ืชึผึดืงึผึธืจึตืื•ึผ ืžึฐืฉืึธืจึฐืชึตื™ ืึฑ-ืœึนื”ึตื™ื ื•ึผ ื™ึตืึธืžึตืจ ืœึธื›ึถื ื—ึตื™ืœ ื’ึผื•ึนื™ึดื ืชึผึนืื›ึตืœื•ึผ ื•ึผื‘ึดื›ึฐื‘ื•ึนื“ึธื ืชึผึดืชึฐื™ึทืžึผึธืจื•ึผ" (ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ืกื, ื”-ื•).

ื”ืžืžืœื›ื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ืชืกื™ื™ืข ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืขืžืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ืื™ืœื• ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืชืกื™ื™ืขื ื” ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช. ื•ืฉืชื™ ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื”ืŸ ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ื•ืจื ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ ืœืžื™ืŸ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ ื‘ื›ืœืœื•ืชื•.

ื•ืื›ืŸ ื‘ืกืคื•ืจ ืฉืœืคื ื™ื ื• ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืจืฆื” ืœืฉืœื•ื— ืœื‘ื•ืจื ื”ืขื•ืœื ืืช ื”ืฉืขื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืขืžืœ ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ืฉื”ืจื™ ื–ื”ื• ื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืžืชืื™ื ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืฉืœื•ื—. ืืœื ืฉื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื”ืฉืชื‘ืฉ.

ื”ืžืœื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืขืคืจ
ื›ืฉื‘ืื• ืœืžืœื•ืŸ ืฉืžืกืžืœ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ("ื–ื” ื”ืขื•ืœื ื ื“ืžื” ืœื™ึธืฉืึตืŸ ื”ื–ื”" 1 ), ื‘ืื• ื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื•ื’ื–ืœื• ืžื”ื ืืช ื”ืฉืขื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ืจืื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื ื ืชื ื• ืœื”ื ืœืขืžื•ืœ ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ื•ื›ืŸ ืžืจื•ืžื– ื‘ืฉื™ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื™ื (ื, ื•):
"ืึทืœ ืชึผึดืจึฐืื•ึผื ึดื™ ืฉืึถืึฒื ึดื™ ืฉืึฐื—ึทืจึฐื—ึนืจึถืช ืฉืึถืฉึผืึฑื–ึธืคึทืชึฐื ึดื™ ื”ึทืฉึผืึธืžึถืฉื ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ืึดืžึผึดื™ ื ึดื—ึฒืจื•ึผ ื‘ึดื™ ืฉื‚ึธืžึปื ึดื™ ื ึนื˜ึตืจึธื” ืึถืช ื”ึทื›ึผึฐืจึธืžึดื™ื ื›ึผึทืจึฐืžึดื™ ืฉืึถืœึผึดื™ ืœึนื ื ึธื˜ึธืจึฐืชึผึดื™"

ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืžืจืžื– ืฉื”ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ืœื ื ื”ื’ื• ื‘ื ื• ื›ืจืื•ื™, ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืื ื• ื‘ื ื™ ืื•ืชื” ื”ึธืึตื. ื”ื ืœื ื”ื ื™ื—ื• ืœื ื• ืœื ื˜ื•ืจ ืืช ื›ืจืžื ื• ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื”ื›ืจื™ื—ื• ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื›ืจื ืฉืฉื™ื™ืš ืœื”ื. 2

ื‘ืžืืžืจ "ืžื’ื“ืœ ื‘ื‘ืœ ื•ื’ืœ ืฉืœ ืขืฆืžื•ืช" ื”ืชื‘ืืจ ืฉื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉื” ื‘ืกืคื•ืจ ืžื’ื“ืœ ื‘ื‘ืœ (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื™ื, ื‘-ื—) ืืช ื”ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ืฉืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”"ืื‘ืŸ" ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”"ืขืคืจ"; ื”"ืื‘ืŸ" ืžืกืžืœืช ืืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื ืžืฉืœืช ืœืื‘ื ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื™ืงืจื•ืช, ื•ืื™ืœื• ื”ืขืคืจ ืžืกืžืœ ืืช ื”ืฆื“ ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื•ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื 3 : "ื‘ึผึฐื–ึตืขึทืช ืึทืคึผึถื™ืšึธ ืชึผึนืื›ึทืœ ืœึถื—ึถื ืขึทื“ ืฉืื•ึผื‘ึฐืšึธ ืึถืœ ื”ึธืึฒื“ึธืžึธื” ื›ึผึดื™ ืžึดืžึผึถื ึผึธื” ืœึปืงึผึธื—ึฐืชึผึธ ื›ึผึดื™ ืขึธืคึธืจ ืึทืชึผึธื” ื•ึฐืึถืœ ืขึธืคึธืจ ืชึผึธืฉืื•ึผื‘" (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื’, ื™ื˜). ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืžืกืคืจืช ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ ื”ืžื’ื“ืœ ื‘ื ื• ืื•ืชื• ืž"ืขืคืจ", ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื” ืœืจืžื– ืฉื”ื ืจืฆื• ืœื”ืงื™ื ืžืžืœื›ื” ืฉืžื˜ืจืชื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ืฉื ื•ืฆืจ ืž"ืขืคืจ", ืื•ืœื ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืขืกืง ื‘"ืื‘ืŸ" ืฉืžืกืžืœืช ืืช ื”ืคืฆืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืืžื•ื ื”.

ื”ืื’ื“ื” ืขืœ ื”ืขืคืจ ืฉืœ ื ื—ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ื’ื ื–ื• ืžืจืžื–ืช ืฉื‘ืžืงื•ื ืืจื’ื– ืฉืžืœื ื‘"ืื‘ื ื™ื" ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื•, ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ืืœืฅ ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” ื‘"ืขืคืจ" ืฉืœ ืžื’ื“ืœ ื‘ื‘ืœ, ื‘ื”ืงืžืช ืžืžืœื›ื” ืฉืžื˜ืจืชื” ื”ื™ื ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื’ืฉืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื”.

ืขื‘ื™ืจืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื - ืœื—ื ืœื›ืœ ื‘ืื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื
ื”ืื’ื“ื” ืžืกืคืจืช ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืžืœืš ืจืื” ืืช ื”ืขืคืจ ื”ื•ื ืจืฆื” ืœื”ืจื•ื’ ืืช ื ื—ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ื’ื ื–ื• ื•ืืช ืžืฉืœื—ืชื•, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืืžืจ: 'ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืฆื•ื—ืงื™ื ืžืžื ื™'. ื”ื‘ืืช ื”"ืขืคืจ" ื›ืžืชื ื” ื ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืœืขื‘ื™ืจื”. ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ื ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ ื“ืจื›ื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื•, ื•ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืฉื›ืืœื• ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืžืœืš - ืžืœื›ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื - ืืช ื”"ืื‘ื ื™ื" ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืฉื”ื ืฉืขื•ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ืชื—ืช ื–ื• ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืœื• "ืขืคืจ" ืฉื”ื ื”ืฉืขื•ืช ืฉืขืกืงื• ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื—ื• ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื.

ืืœื ืฉื ื—ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ื’ื ื–ื• ืืžืจ ืขืœ ื›ืš: "ื’ื ื–ื• ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื”".

ื ื—ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ื’ื ื–ื• ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘"ืขื‘ื™ืจื”" ื”ื–ื• ื•ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืื•ืชื” " ืœึฐื˜ึนื‘ึธื” ". ื ื—ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ื’ื ื–ื• ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืžื™ืจืช ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื• ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ืชืจื—ืฉ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืœืื—ื™ื•. ืื—ื™ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืžื›ืจื•ื”ื• ืœืขื‘ื“ ืฉื™ืขืžื•ืœ ื‘ืžืžืœื›ื” ื”ืžืฆืจื™ืช ื•ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื” ืžืฉื•ืœ ืœื”ืจื™ื’ืชื•, ืื•ืœื ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืจื•ืื” ื‘ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ื”ื–ื• ื“ื‘ืจ ื˜ื•ื‘. ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืœื”ื: "ื•ึฐืึทืชึผึถื ื—ึฒืฉืึทื‘ึฐืชึผึถื ืขึธืœึทื™ ืจึธืขึธื” ืึฑ-ืœึนื”ึดื™ื ื—ึฒืฉืึธื‘ึธื”ึผ ืœึฐื˜ึนื‘ึธื” ืœึฐืžึทืขึทืŸ ืขึฒืฉื‚ึนื” ื›ึผึทื™ึผื•ึนื ื”ึทื–ึผึถื” ืœึฐื”ึทื—ึฒื™ึนืช ืขึทื ืจึธื‘" (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื , ื›).

"ืขื‘ื™ืจืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื”ื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื" 4 , ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืฉื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื ืขื‘ืจื• ื”ืฆื™ืœื” ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื™ืขืงื‘ ื•ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืืจืฆื•ืช ืฉืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžืฆืจื™ื™ื ืžืžื™ืชื” ื‘ืจืขื‘.

ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ืฉืขื‘ื™ืจืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื ืฉืžื›ืจื• ืืช ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื”ื™ืชื” "ืจืขื”", ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉื™ื•ืกืฃ ืื•ืžืจ ืœื”ื: "ื•ึฐืึทืชึผึถื ื—ึฒืฉืึทื‘ึฐืชึผึถื ืขึธืœึทื™ ืจึธืขึธื” ", ืืš ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื”ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘"ื˜ื•ื‘ื”" ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืขื‘ื™ืจืชื. ื•ื”ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืฉื ื—ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ื’ื ื–ื• ืขื•ืจืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื‘ื™ืจืช ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ืืช ื”"ืขืคืจ" ื›ืžืชื ื” ืœืžืœืš ื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืžื”ืžืœืš ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘"ื˜ื•ื‘ื”" ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ื”ื–ื•. ื”ืขื™ืกื•ืง ืฉืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืกืง ื‘"ืขืคืจ" ื–ืŸ ื•ื›ื™ืœื›ืœ ืืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืžื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื, ื•ื”ืจื™ ื‘ื•ืจื ื”ืขื•ืœื ืื™ื ื• ื—ืคืฅ ื‘ื”ืฉื—ืชืชื•.

ื”ืกื ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื
ื•ื›ืืŸ ืžืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืœืžื”ืœืš ื”ืกื ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ื ื—ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ื’ื ื–ื•.
ืืœื™ื”ื• ื—ื•ืœืง ืขืœ ื”ืžื”ืœืš ืฉืจื•ืื” ืจืง ืืช ื”"ืื‘ืŸ" ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื›ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืžื’ื“ืœ ื”"ืขืคืจ" ืฉืœ ื‘ื‘ืœ. ื”ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืœืคื™ ืฉื™ื˜ืช ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื ืฉืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ืขื™ืกื•ืง ื‘"ืื‘ืŸ" ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืื™ื“ื™ืืœ ื”ื˜ื”ื•ืจ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื•ืื™ืœื• ืืช ืฉืืจ ื”ืขื™ืกื•ืงื™ื ื”ื™ื ืจื•ืื” ื›ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื”. ืื•ืœื ืœืฉื™ื˜ืช ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื•ืจื ื”ืขื•ืœื ื—ืคืฅ ืฉืฉืชื™ ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืชืชืžืœืื ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื”ืŸ ืฉื™ืคื™ืฆื• ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืืžื•ื ื” ื‘ื‘ื•ืจื ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื•ื”ืŸ ืฉื”ืขื•ืœื ื™ืฉืชื›ืœืœ ื•ืชืงื•ื ื‘ื• ืžืžืœื›ื” ืฉื ื•ื”ื’ืช ื‘ืฆื“ืง ื•ื‘ืžืฉืคื˜. ืœืฉื™ื˜ืชื• ืžื’ื“ืœ ื”"ืขืคืจ" ืฉืœ ื‘ื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืžื’ื“ืœ "ืขืคืจ" ืฉืœ ื›ืคื™ืจื” ื‘ื‘ื•ืจื ืขื•ืœื. ื•ืื™ืœื• ืžื’ื“ืœ ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ืฉื™ืœื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื™ืกื•ืง ื‘"ืขืคืจ" ื‘ื™ื•ืฉืจ ื•ื‘ืืžื•ื ื” ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื™ืกื•ืง ื‘"ืื‘ืŸ" ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ืชื•ืจื”.

ืœืฉื™ื˜ืช ืืœื™ื”ื• ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ื ืฆื—ื•ื ื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื•ืฉื’ื• ืœื ืจืง ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืขืžืœื• ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื”"ืื‘ืŸ" 5 , ืืœื ื’ื ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืขืžืœื• ื‘ืžืœืื›ื•ืช ืฉื”ืŸ ื”"ืขืคืจ" ื‘ื™ื•ืฉืจ ื•ื‘ืืžื•ื ื”. ื•ืžืžืœื›ื” ืฉื”ื™ื "ืžึฐืœึตืึฒืชึดื™ ืžึดืฉืึฐืคึผึธื˜ ืฆึถื“ึถืง ื™ึธืœึดื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึธื”ึผ" ืžื ืฆื—ืช ืืช ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ื”.

ื•ืื›ืŸ ืžืœื›ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืืœื™ื”ื•, ื•ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืขืคืจ ืฉื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืœื• ืœืื‘ื ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืžืจื’ืœื™ื•ืช. ื•ืžื™ืœืื• ืืช ืืจื’ื–ื• ื‘ืื‘ื ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืžืจื’ืœื™ื•ืช.

ื”ื˜ืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืžืœื•ืŸ
ืื ื ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ืื’ื“ื” ืขืœ ื”"ื ืก" ืฉื”ืชืจื—ืฉ ืœื ื—ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ื’ื ื–ื•, ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ืื’ื“ื” ื”ื–ื• ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืื’ื“ื” ืฉื‘ืคืกื™ืงืชื ื“ืจื‘ ื›ื”ื ื (ืžื ื“ืœื‘ื•ื™ื ื™ื—, ื”). ืฉื ืžืกื•ืคืจ ืฉื”ืชื’ืœื” ืœืจ' ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืŸ ืœื•ื™ ืฉ"ื”ืื‘ื ื™ื ื”ื™ืงืจื•ืช" ืฉืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœื’ืื•ืœืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื’ื ื•ื–ื•ืช ื‘"ืขืคืจ" ืฉื‘ืงืจืงืข ื”ืžืขืจื”. ื•ื‘ืื’ื“ื” ืฉื‘ืคื ื™ื ื• "ื”ืื‘ื ื™ื ื”ื™ืงืจื•ืช" ืžืชื’ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืœ"ืขืคืจ" ื•ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืŸ ื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœ"ืื‘ื ื™ื ื”ื™ืงืจื•ืช" ืฉื”ืžืœืš ืžืขื ื™ืง ืœืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ.

ืืœื ืฉืงื™ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื’ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืœืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื. ื‘ืคืกื™ืงืชื ืจ' ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืŸ ืœื•ื™ ืžืฆื™ืœ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ื’ืœื•ื™ ื”ื–ื” ืกืคื™ื ื” ืฉื‘ื” ื ืžืฆื ื ืขืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ื•ื“ื“ ื•ื’ื•ื™ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื. ื•ื‘ืžืืžืจ "ืื‘ื ื™ ื”ื›ื“ื›ื•ื“ ืฉื‘ืžืขืจืช ืœื•ื“" ื”ืชื‘ืืจ ืฉื”ื”ืฆืœื” ื”ื–ื• ืžืกืžืœืช ืฉืจ' ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืŸ ืœื•ื™ ืกื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืขืกืง ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื•ื "ืื‘ืŸ ื™ืงืจื”" ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื’ืื•ืœืช ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื•ืืฃ ืœื’ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืขืกืงื• ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžื’ื™ืข ืœื”ื™ื ืฆืœ ื•ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื—ื™ื™ ื ืฆื—. ืื•ืœื ื”ืื’ื“ื” ืฉืœืคื ื™ื ื• ื—ื•ืœืงืช ืขืœ ื›ืš.

ื‘ืžืขืฉื” ืฉื‘ืคื ื™ื ื• ืžืกื•ืคืจ ืฉื›ืืฉืจ "ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืžืœื•ืŸ" ื ื•ื›ื—ื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื‘ื•ืจื ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžื—ืฉื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืขื™ืกื•ืง ื‘ืขืžืœ ื”ืžืœืื›ื•ืช ื›ืขื™ืกื•ืง ื‘ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ื ืจืฆื• ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื›ืจ ื”ื–ื”. ื”ืžืขืฉื” ืžืชืืจ ืฉื‘ื ื™ ื”ืžืœื•ืŸ ืกืชืจื• ืืช ื”ืžืœื•ืŸ ืฉืœื”ื ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืืช ื”"ืขืคืจ" ื”ื–ื” ืœื‘ื•ืจื ื”ืขื•ืœื.

ื”ืขื™ืกื•ืง ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืฉื‘ืขื™ื ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื‘ืžืœืื›ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืžืจื•ื‘ื” ืžื”ืขื™ืกื•ืง ืฉืœ ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืžืขืฉื” ืžืชืืจ ื–ืืช ื›ื”ื‘ืืช ื”ืขืคืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœื•ืŸ ื›ื•ืœื•. ืื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉื ืขืจื›ื” ืœืขืคืจ ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืืช ื”ืกื’ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ืœ"ืขืคืจ" ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื•. ืžื“ื•ืข?

ื‘ืžื” ืฉื•ื ื” ื”ืขืคืจ ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ื ื—ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ื’ื ื–ื• ืžื”ืขืคืจ ืฉื”ื ื”ื‘ื™ืื•? ื•ื”ืจื™ ื–ื”ื• ืขืคืจ ืžืื•ืชื• ื”ืžืงื•ื?!

ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื ืขื•ืฅ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื ื—ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ื’ื ื–ื• ืœื ืจืื” ื‘"ืขืคืจ" ืืช ื”ืื™ื“ื™ืืœ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“. ื”ืื™ื“ื™ืืœ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื• ื”ื™ื” ื”"ืื‘ื ื™ื ื”ื™ืงืจื•ืช" ืืœื ืฉื”ื•ื ื ืืœืฅ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื "ืขืคืจ". ื’ื ื”ืื™ื“ื™ืืœ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”ื ืื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ื™ื” ื”"ืื‘ืŸ" ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื”ืคืฆืช ื”ืืžื•ื ื” ื‘ื‘ื•ืจื ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจืชื•; ืืœื ืฉื”ืชืœื•ื•ื” ืœื›ืš ืื™ื“ื™ืืœ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ืงืžืช ืžืžืœื›ื” ืฉื ื•ื”ื’ืช ื‘ืฆื“ืง ื•ื‘ื™ื•ืฉืจ. ื•ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื™ื“ื™ืืœื™ื ื ืชืŸ ืœืื™ื“ื™ืืœ ืฉืœ "ืขืคืจ" ืžืฉืงืœ ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื’ื‘ื•ื”, ืฉื‘ื–ื›ื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื” ืžื ืฆื— ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื•ืชื™ื•.

ืื•ืœื ื”"ืขืคืจ" ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื "ื“ื™ื™ืจื™ ื”ืžืœื•ืŸ", ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขืœ ื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืœื‘ื“; ื”ืงืžืช ืžืžืœื›ื” ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืชื ื”ื’ ื‘ืฆื“ืง ื•ื‘ื™ื•ืฉืจ. ื•ื”ืื’ื“ื” ืฉื‘ืคื ื™ื ื• ืžื’ืœื” ืฉื”ืื™ื“ื™ืืœ ื–ื” ืœื ื“ื™ ื‘ื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœื ืฆื— ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช, ื•ื’ื ืœื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ื ืฆื—.

ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื”ืžืืžืจ ืจืื™ื ื• ืฉื”ืื’ื“ื•ืช ืขืœ ื ื—ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ื’ื ื–ื• ืžืฉื•ื—ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ืŸ ื•ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ื–ื• ืœื–ื•. ื‘ืื’ื“ืช ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ืขืœ ื”ืžืคื’ืฉ ืขื ืจ' ืขืงื™ื‘ื ืงื™ื™ืžืช ืชื‘ื™ืขื” ืžืœื•ืžื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืœืฆืืช ื•ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืกืจ ื‘ืขืžืœ ื”ืžืœืื›ื•ืช. ืื’ื“ืช ื”ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืขืœ ื”"ื—ื•ืจื‘ื”" ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกืช ืœืขืžื™ ื”ืืจืฆื•ืช ืฉืžื ืกื™ื ืœื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ื›ืืœ ื›ืœื™ื ื—ืกืจื™ ื—ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžื–ื”ื™ืจื” ืžื”ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ื•ื”ื”ืชื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืืœื™ื”ื. ื•ืื™ืœื• ืื’ื“ืช ื”ื‘ื‘ืœื™ ืขืœ ื”"ืขืคืจ" ืžืจืื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืขืžื™ ื”ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ื‘ืฉืœื™ืœื” ื•ื”ื™ื ืจื•ืื” ืื•ืชื ื›ืฉื•ื•ื™ื ืœืœื•ืžื“ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘"ืื‘ื ื™ื ื”ื™ืงืจื•ืช".

^ 1 ืžื“ืจืฉ ื–ื•ื˜ื - ืฉื™ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื™ื (ื‘ื•ื‘ืจ, ืคืจืฉื” ื”, ื‘)
^ 2 ื•ืจืื” ื‘ืื‘ื•ืช ื“ืจื‘ื™ ื ืชืŸ ื ื•ืกื—ื ื ืคืจืง ื›: " 'ืึทืœ ืชึผึดืจึฐืื•ึผื ึดื™ ืฉืึถืึฒื ึดื™ ืฉืึฐื—ึทืจึฐื—ึนืจึถืช ืฉืึถืฉึผืึฑื–ึธืคึทืชึฐื ึดื™ ื”ึทืฉึผืึธืžึถืฉื ื‘ึผึฐื ึตื™ ืึดืžึผึดื™ ื ึดื—ึฒืจื•ึผ ื‘ึดื™', ืืœื•
ืืœื• ื‘ื•ืœืื•ืช (ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื) ืฉื‘ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืฉืคืจืงื• ืขื•ืœื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืžืขืœื™ื”ื ื•ื”ืžืœื™ื›ื• ืขืœื™ื”ื ืžืœืš ื‘ืฉืจ ื•ื“ื". ื•ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืžืจืžื– ืฉื”ืขื™ืกื•ืง ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืจ ื•ื“ื ื ืขืฉื” ืฉืœื ืžืจืฆื•ื ื ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
^ 3 "ืขืคืจ ื”ื ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืืฉืจ ื‘ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื‘ืกื•ื“ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื” ืืฉืจ ืœื”" (ืคืจื“ืก ืจืžื•ื ื™ื ืœืจืž"ืง, ื›ื’, ื˜ื–)
^ 4 ืžื“ืจืฉ ืฉื›ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘ (ื‘ื•ื‘ืจ) ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืœื–
^ 5 ื•ืจืื” ื‘ืžืืžืจ "ืจ' ื—ื ื™ื ื ื•ื”ืื‘ืŸ ืฉื”ืขืœื” ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื"


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ื”ืจื‘ ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื›ืžืŸ

ืขื•ืจืš ืžื“ื•ืจ ืื’ื“ื” ื‘ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืืจืฅ ื—ืžื“ื”.
ื ื—ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ื’ืžื–ื•
ื ื—ื•ื ืื™ืฉ ื’ืžื–ื•
ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื

ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ

ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”
ื ื™ื•ื•ื˜ ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื
  • ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืืจื™ืืœ
     ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืืจื™ืืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืฉืคื™ืจื
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืฉืคื™ืจื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืฉืคื™ืจื
     ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืฉืคื™ืจื
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื ืŸ ืคื•ืจืช ื–"ืœ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื ืŸ ืคื•ืจืช ื–"ืœ
  • ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ื’ืื•ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื‘ ื‘ืขืจืœ ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื‘ ื‘ืขืจืœ ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืฆ"ืœ
  • ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืœืœ ื’ืคืŸ
     ื”ืจื‘ ื”ืœืœ ื’ืคืŸ
  • ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืื•ื—ื–ื™ืŸ - ืžื”ื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื”
    56 ื“ืง'
    ื‘ื‘ื ืžืฆื™ืขื

    ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืื•ื—ื–ื™ืŸ - ืžื”ื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื”

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ื™ืกื•ื“ ื“ื™ืŸ ื—ืœื•ืงื” ื•ืฉื‘ื•ืขื” ื‘ืžืฉื ืช "ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืื•ื—ื–ื™ืŸ ื‘ื˜ืœื™ืช", ืชื•ืš ื”ืชืžืงื“ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ ื”ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช ืœืจืžื‘"ื. ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœื“ืขืช ื”ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช ื™ืกื•ื“ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื ืฉืขืŸ ืขืœ ืžื•ื—ื–ืงื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื” ื ื•ืขื“ื” ืจืง ืœื”ื›ื—ื™ืฉ ืืช ื˜ืขื ืช ื”ื™ืจื™ื‘, ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืจืžื‘"ื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืขืช ื”ื ื•ื˜ืœื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืชื” ื–ื•ื›ื” ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื—ืœืงื•.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ | ื˜' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื–ื™ื›ื•ืš ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ืขืช ืœืจื’ืฉ
    39 ื“ืง'
    ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืื™"ื”

    ื–ื™ื›ื•ืš ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ืขืช ืœืจื’ืฉ

    ื”ืงื“ืžื” ืœืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืื™"ื” - 3

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื”ืชื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื•ืžื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืžืžื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืœืžื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื•ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืžืขืฆื‘ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืžื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื ืคืชื— ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืคืกืงื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ืžืฆื™ื’ื” ืืช ื–ื™ื›ื•ืš ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื›ืชื•ื•ืš ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ืขืช ืœืจื’ืฉ, ืชื•ืš ื”ื“ื’ืฉื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจืŸ ื”ืฉื›ืœื™ ื•ื”ื›ืจืชื™ ืงื•ื“ื ืœืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ืŸ ื”ืจื’ืฉื™.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืฉ. ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืฆืŸ | ื—' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืขื•ื ื’ ืฉื‘ืช ืคืจืฉืช ืœืš ืœืš - ื•ื™ืจื
    ืขื ื’ ืฉื‘ืช

    ืขื•ื ื’ ืฉื‘ืช ืคืจืฉืช ืœืš ืœืš - ื•ื™ืจื

    ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืœืš ืœืš - ืžื”ื• ืกื•ื“ ื”ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื?
    5 ื“ืง'
    ืœืš ืœืš

    ืœืš ืœืš - ืžื”ื• ืกื•ื“ ื”ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื?

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืื™ืจ ื’ื•ืœื“ื•ื™ื›ื˜ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืกื•ื“ ื“ืžื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ืจื—ื‘
    39 ื“ืง'
    ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืกืคืจ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข

    ืกื•ื“ ื“ืžื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ืจื—ื‘

    ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืคืจืง ื‘'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžืคื’ืฉ ืฉืœ ืžืจื’ืœื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ืขื ืจื—ื‘, ืชื•ืš ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขื ื“ืžื•ืชื” ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ื•ืžืขืžื“ื” ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื‘ื›ื ื™ืกืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืืจืฅ. ื“ืจืš ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื—ื–"ืœ ืžื•ืกื‘ืจื™ื ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœื”, ื›ื•ื—ื” ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื’ื“ื•ืœืช ื”ืฉื ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืžืชื•ืš ืขื‘ืจื”, ื•ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืขืžื•ืง ืฉืœื” ืœืงื“ื•ืฉืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืœืฉื•ืฉืœืช ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื”.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืขื™ื“ื• ื™ืขืงื•ื‘ื™ | ื—' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืฉืื™ืœืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ
    48 ื“ืง'
    ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ

    ืฉืื™ืœืช ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ

    ืžื“ื•ืข ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื—ื•ืจืฃ ืฉืœื ื• ืืฆืœื ืงื™ืฅ ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ื’ืฉื, ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ื™ืขืงื‘ ื”ืชืขืงืฉ ืœื”ื™ืงื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืขืจืช ื”ืžื›ืคืœื”, ื•ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืชืคื™ืœืช ืžืขื™ืŸ ืฉืœื•ืฉ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื™ืฆื—ืง ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ | ืชืฉืจื™ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ืœ"ื
    31 ื“ืง'
    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช

    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ืœ"ื

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ ืกื˜ืคื ืกืงื™ | ื—' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืืžื•ื ื”: ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชื” ื•ืฉืคืœื•ืชื”
    52 ื“ืง'
    ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืื™"ื”

    ืืžื•ื ื”: ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชื” ื•ืฉืคืœื•ืชื”

    ืืžื•ื ื” ื›"ื˜ -ืœ"ื

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ื”ื›ืคื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืืžื•ื ื”: ืžื—ื“ ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ืื“ื ืœืขื•ื– ื•ื’ื‘ื•ืจื” ืขื™ืœืื™ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืžื“ื‘ืงื•ืช ื‘ื”', ื•ืžืื™ื“ืš ืœืขื“ืŸ ื•ืœืจื›ืš ืืช ืขื•ืฆืžืชื• ื”ืคืจืื™ืช. ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืœื›ืš ืžื•ืกื‘ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืืžื•ื ื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื•ืœืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ืฉื”ื ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ืœื”ื—ื™ื™ืืช ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ืœืชื—ื™ื™ื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืžืœืื”.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื‘ืจ ืฆื™ื•ืŸ | ื”' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืื“ื
    45 ื“ืง'
    ื ื—

    ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื›ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืื“ื

    ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืคืชื™ื—ื” ืœื–ืžืŸ ื—ื•ืจืฃ

    ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืžืžื•ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจืš ื•ื”ืชืจื—ืงื•ืช ืžืื‘ืง ื’ื–ืœ , ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชืžื“ื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื—ื•ืจืฃ ื•ื”ืฉืงื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื–' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ืœ'
    33 ื“ืง'
    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช

    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ืœ'

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ ืกื˜ืคื ืกืงื™ | ื–' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื ื—, ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืกื•ื“ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ
    29 ื“ืง'
    ืฉื ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื”

    ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื ื—, ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื•ืกื•ื“ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ

    ืฉื ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื” - ื ื— - ื—ืœืง ื‘'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื‘ืืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืชืืจื™ื• ืฉืœ ื ื— ืžืฉืงืคื™ื ืฉืœืžื•ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ, ื‘ื ืคืฉ ื•ื‘ืฉื›ืœ ื›ื ื’ื“ ืงืœืงื•ืœื™ ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืœ, ื•ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืžืขืœื•ืช ืืœื• ืœื”ืืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื ื•ื— ืจื•ืžื– ืืœื™ื•. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืžื•ืกื‘ืจืช ื—ื•ื›ืžืชื• ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื ื— ืฉื”ืชื‘ื˜ืื” ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืขืฆืžื™ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืœืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”' ื‘ื›ื ื™ืกืชื• ื•ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืชื• ืžืŸ ื”ืชื™ื‘ื”, ื”ื ื”ื’ื” ืฉื–ื™ื›ืชื” ืื•ืชื• ืœืœืฉื•ืŸ "ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ" ื”ืžื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืคื ื™ืžื™ ื•ื™ืฉื™ืจ ืขื ื”ื‘ื•ืจื.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ | ื”' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืคื’ื ื”ืื“ื ื•ืชื™ืงื•ื ื• ื‘ืฆืœื ืืœื•ื”ื™ื
    25 ื“ืง'
    ืฉื ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื”

    ืคื’ื ื”ืื“ื ื•ืชื™ืงื•ื ื• ื‘ืฆืœื ืืœื•ื”ื™ื

    ืฉื ืžืฉืžื•ืืœ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจืฉื” - ื ื— - ื—ืœืง ื'

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื”ืฉืคืขืช ื—ื˜ื ืขืฅ ื”ื“ืขืช ืขืœ ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืื“ื โ€“ ื’ื•ืฃ, ื ืคืฉ, ืฉื›ืœ ื•ืฆืœื ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื, ื•ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื•ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืฉื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœื”ืคืจื™ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ื˜ื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืœื˜ืžืื•ืช. ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ืžื•ืกื‘ืจืช ื ืคื™ืœืชื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืœ ืฉืกื™ืจื‘ื• ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ, ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ืฉืœืžื•ืชื• ื•ืฆื“ืงื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื ื—.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืฅ | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ื›"ื˜
    27 ื“ืง'
    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช

    ื‘ื›ื•ืจื•ืช ื“ืฃ ื›"ื˜

    ื”ืจื‘ ืืœื™ ืกื˜ืคื ืกืงื™ | ื•' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช
    43 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ - ื”ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื

    ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช

    ืขื‘ื“ืช ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื ืคืฉ ื -ื”

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ื›ื™ ืœืฆื“ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื”, ื”ืื“ื ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™ ื•ืžืขืžื™ืง ื‘ื–ื™ื›ื•ืš ืžื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ื‘ืชื•ืจืช ื”ื ืคืฉ. ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื›ืจืช ืฉืชื™ ื”ื ืคืฉื•ืช ื”ืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ื‘ื•, ื”ื•ื ืœื•ืžื“ ืœืจื•ืžื ืืช ื›ื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื•ืืช ื”ื›ืœืœ.

    ื”ืจื”"ื’ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืœื™ื˜"ื | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืกืคืงื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืžื•ืœ ืกืคืงื•ืช ื‘ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช
    40 ื“ืง'
    ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉ"ืก

    ืกืคืงื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืžื•ืœ ืกืคืงื•ืช ื‘ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืžื“ื•ืข ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ื”ื›ืœืœ ื”ื•ื "ืกืคื™ืงื ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื ืœื—ื•ืžืจื", ื•ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืื—ืจ ื”ืžื•ื—ื–ืง ("ื”ืžื•ืฆื™ื ืžื—ื‘ืจื• ืขืœื™ื• ื”ืจืื™ื”") ื•ืžืงื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืกืคืง. ืžืชื•ืš ืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”"ืงื•ื ื˜ืจืก ื”ืกืคื™ืงื•ืช", ื”"ืชื•ืžื™ื" ื•ืจ' ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืฉืงื•ืค, ืžืชื‘ืืจ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื”ืžื”ื•ืชื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืฉืžื™ื™ืžื™ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื™ื ืขืœ ืกื‘ืจื” ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ื•ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื“ื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื ื–ืื’ื | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื›ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื•ืช ืจืฆื™ืคื” ื•ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช
    30 ื“ืง'
    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื•

    ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื›ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื•ืช ืจืฆื™ืคื” ื•ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช

    ืื•ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืชื—ื™ื™ืชื• ืคืจืง ื›"ื– - ื›"ื—

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชืคื™ืกืช ื”ื’ืื•ืœื” ื›ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ ืื—ื“ ื•ืจืฆื™ืฃ, ืฉืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ื ืžืฉืš ืœืื•ืจืš ื›ืœ ืชื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืขื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ืจื™ื“ื•ืช, ื”ื’ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ื-ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืงืจื™ื•ืช, ืืœื ืžื”ื•ื•ืช ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืœืื—ื“ื•ืช ื”ืื•ืžื” ื•ืœืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืฉืœืžื”.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžื’ื“ื•ืœืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืœื‘
    ื ื—

    ืžื’ื“ื•ืœืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืœื‘

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ ืžื•ืœ ืื™ื ืกื•ืคื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื•ืจื ื•ื”ืฉื’ื—ืชื•, ื“ืจืš ืžืคื’ืฉื™ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืŸ ื—ื ื ื™ื” ื•ื”ืงื™ืกืจ ื•ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ ืžื”ื•ืช ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื‘ืช. ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืื™ื ื• ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืื• ืžืกื—ืจ ืขื ืฉืžื™ื™ื, ืืœื ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ืขื ื•ื•ื” ื•ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืืžื™ืชื™ ืœืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ื“ืจืš ืชืคื™ืœื” ื•ื›ื™ืกื•ืคื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ.

    ื”ืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ืฉืŸ | ื“' ื—ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืชืฉืค"ื–
  • ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื›ื›ื•ื— ืžืจืคื ืœื ืคืฉ
    ืขื™ืŸ ืื™"ื” - ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ

    ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื›ื›ื•ื— ืžืจืคื ืœื ืคืฉ

    ืฉื‘ืช ื, ืง"ืก

    ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชืคื™ืกืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื‘ ืงื•ืง ืœืคื™ื” ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืœืื—ืจ ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ืื™ื ื• ืขื•ื ืฉ ื ืงืžื ื™, ืืœื ื”ืชืคื›ื—ื•ืช ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืื“ื ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ืืžืช ื•ื—ืฉ ื›ืื‘ ืขืœ ื”ื—ืžืฆืช ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื•. ื™ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื™ื ืืœื• ื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœื–ื›ืš ืืช ื”ื ืคืฉ, ืœื ืขืจ ืื•ืชื” ืžื”ืฉืงื™ืขื” ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืืœ ื˜ื‘ืขื” ื”ืืœื•ืงื™ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™.

    ื”ืจื‘ ืžืฉื” ื’ื ืฅ | ื›"ื— ืืœื•ืœ ืชืฉืค"ื•
ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื
ืื–ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™

ืžืชื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืจื‘ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืขื–ื‘ืช ืื•ืชืŸ.

ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืคืกืชื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืืชืจ yeshiva.org.il